142929-11-1Relevant articles and documents
Zirconium-redox-shuttled cross-electrophile coupling of aromatic and heteroaromatic halides
Fu, Yue,Liu, Fang-Jie,Liu, Peng,Tang, Jian-Tao,Toste, F. Dean,Wu, Ting-Feng,Ye, Baihua,Zhang, Yue-Jiao
supporting information, p. 1963 - 1974 (2021/07/07)
Transition metal-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling (XEC) is a powerful tool for forging C(sp2)–C(sp2) bonds in biaryl molecules from abundant aromatic halides. While the synthesis of unsymmetrical biaryl compounds through multimetallic XEC is of high synthetic value, the selective XEC of two heteroaromatic halides remains elusive and challenging. Herein, we report a homogeneous XEC method, which relies on a zirconaaziridine complex as a shuttle for dual palladium-catalyzed processes. The zirconaaziridine-mediated palladium (ZAPd)-catalyzed reaction shows excellent compatibility with various functional groups and diverse heteroaromatic scaffolds. In accord with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, a redox transmetallation between the oxidative addition product and the zirconaaziridine is proposed as the crucial elementary step. Thus, cross-coupling selectivity using a single transition metal catalyst is controlled by the relative rate of oxidative addition of Pd(0) into the aromatic halide. Overall, the concept of a combined reducing and transmetallating agent offers opportunities for the development of transition metal reductive coupling catalysis.
Syntheses of Hydroxylated Bipyridines, III. - Synthesis of Unsymmetrically and Symmetrically Structured Dihydroxybipyridines
Dehmlow, Eckehard V.,Sleegers, Arthur
, p. 953 - 960 (2007/10/02)
Fifteen symmetrical and asymmetrical dimethoxybipyridines and the pertinent diols are prepared and characterized.Reductive cross coupling of halopyridines with Ni(0) may result in complex mixtures.The same is true for an alternative reaction of (trimethylstannyl)pyridines with halopyridines in the presence of Pd(0).UV, 1H-, and 13C-NMR spectra of the bipyridine derivatives are tabulated.Key Words: Bipyridinediols / Pyridines / Stannylpyridines