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• 274-79-3 imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Efficient halogenation synthesis method of aryl halide

The invention discloses an efficient halogenation synthesis method of aryl halide. The method comprises the following step: in the presence of a catalyst (sulfoxide or oxynitride), a halogenation reagent and a solvent, carrying out a halogenation reaction on an aromatic ring compound to obtain the aryl halide. According to the present invention, in the presence of a catalyst (sulfoxide or nitrogenoxide), a halogenation reagent and a solvent, the aromatic ring is subjected to an efficient halogenation reaction, such that the very useful aryl halide can be obtained with high activity and high selectivity; and by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, aryl halides can be efficiently synthesized, and the method has a wide application prospect in actual production.

Selective Halogenation Using an Aniline Catalyst

Electrophilic halogenation is used to produce a wide variety of halogenated compounds. Previously reported methods have been developed mainly using a reagent-based approach. Unfortunately, a suitable "catalytic" process for halogen transfer reactions has yet to be achieved. In this study, arylamines have been found to generate an N-halo arylamine intermediate, which acts as a highly reactive but selective catalytic electrophilic halogen source. A wide variety of heteroaromatic and aromatic compounds are halogenated using commercially available N-halosuccinimides, for example, NCS, NBS, and NIS, with good to excellent yields and with very high selectivity. In the case of unactivated double bonds, allylic chlorides are obtained under chlorination conditions, whereas bromocyclization occurs for polyolefin. The reactivity of the catalyst can be tuned by varying the electronic properties of the arene moiety of catalyst.

Axinellamines as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents: Scalable synthesis and biology

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria present an ongoing challenge to both chemists and biologists as they seek novel compounds and modes of action to out-maneuver continually evolving resistance pathways, especially against Gram-negative strains. The dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids represent a unique marine natural product class with diverse primary biological activity and chemical architecture. This full account traces the strategy used to develop a second-generation route to key spirocycle 9, culminating in a practical synthesis of the axinellamines and enabling their discovery as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents, with promising activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. While their detailed mode of antibacterial action remains unclear, the axinellamines appear to cause secondary membrane destabilization and impart an aberrant cellular morphology consistent with the inhibition of normal septum formation. This study serves as a rare example of a natural product initially reported to be devoid of biological activity surfacing as an active antibacterial agent with an intriguing mode of action.

Palauchlor: A practical and reactive chlorinating reagent

Unlike its other halogen atom siblings, the utility of chlorinated arenes and (hetero)arenes are twofold: they are useful in tuning electronic structure as well as acting as points for diversification via cross-coupling. Herein we report the invention of a new guanidine-based chlorinating reagent, CBMG or "Palauchlor", inspired by a key chlorospirocyclization en route to pyrrole imidazole alkaloids. This direct, mild, operationally simple, and safe chlorinating method is compatible with a range of nitrogen-containing heterocycles as well as select classes of arenes, conjugated π-systems, sulfonamides, and silyl enol ethers. Comparisons with other known chlorinating reagents revealed CBMG to be the premier reagent.