14402-18-7Relevant articles and documents
A side-chain engineering strategy for constructing fluorescent dyes with direct and ultrafast self-delivery to living cells
Guo, Lifang,Li, Chuanya,Shang, Hai,Zhang, Ruoyao,Li, Xuechen,Lu, Qing,Cheng, Xiao,Liu, Zhiqiang,Sun, Jing Zhi,Yu, Xiaoqiang
, p. 661 - 670 (2020/01/31)
Organic fluorescent dyes with excellent self-delivery to living cells are always difficult to find due to the limitation of the plasma membrane having rigorous selectivity. Herein, in order to improve the permeability of dyes, we utilize a side-chain engineering strategy (SCES): adjusting the side-chain length of dyes to fine-tune the adsorption and desorption processes on the membrane-aqueous phase interfaces of the outer and inner leaflets of the plasma membrane. For this, a family of fluorescent derivatives (SPs) was prepared by functionalizing a styryl-pyridinium fluorophore with alkyl side-chains containing a different carbon number from 1 to 22. Systematic experimental investigations and simulated calculations demonstrate that the self-delivery rate of SPs with a suitable length side-chain is about 22-fold higher in SiHa cells and 76-fold higher in mesenchymal stem cells than that of unmodified SP-1, enabling cell-imaging at an ultralow loading concentration of 1 nM and deep penetration in turbid tissue and in vivo. Moreover, the SCES can even endow a membrane-impermeable fluorescent scaffold with good permeability. Further, quantitative research on the relationship between Clog?P and cell permeability shows that when Clog?P is in the range of 1.3-2.5, dyes possess optimal permeability. Therefore, this work not only systematically reports the effect of side-chain length on dye delivery for the first time, but also provides some ideal fluorescent probes. At the same time, it gives a suitable Clog?P range for efficient cellular delivery, which can serve as a guide for designing cell-permeant dyes. In a word, all the results reveal that the SCES is an effective strategy to dramatically improve dye permeability.
INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF A NOVEL GROUP OF SOLVATOCHROMIC ACID-BASE INDICATORS IN SELF-ASSEMBLED SURFACTANT AGGREGATES
Drummond, Calum J.,Grieser, Franz,Healy, Thomas W.
, p. 2604 - 2613 (2007/10/02)
The spectral and acid-base properties of 1-hexadecyl-4--1,4-dihydropyridine (HOED), 1-hexadecyl-5-hydroxyquinoline (H5HQ), and 1-hexadecyl-6-hydroxyquinoline (H6HQ) have been investigated to ascertain their suitability as probes of both the mean interfacial solvent properties and the electrostatic surface potential of self-assembled surfactant aggregates in aqueous solution.The results obtained indicate that the solvatochromic visible absorption band of the conjugate base form of HOED, H5HQ, and H6HQ can be utilized to obtain a resonable estimate of the mean interfacial solvent properties of self-assembled surfactant aggregates.The factors that are primarily responsible for the apparent pKa values of HOED, H5HQ, and H6HQ in most types of self-assembled surfactant aggregates have been ascertained.It is concluded that the acid-base properties of HOED, H5HQ, and H6HQ can be utilized to obtain a quantitative measure of the electrostatic surface potential of self-assembled surfactant aggregates in aqueous solution.
