1452499-37-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Ag/Pd Cocatalyzed Direct Arylation of Fluoroarene Derivatives with Aryl Bromides
Panigrahi, Adyasha,Whitaker, Daniel,Vitorica-Yrezabal, I?igo J.,Larrosa, Igor
, p. 2100 - 2107 (2020/02/28)
Diverse C-H functionalizations catalyzed by Pd employ Ag(I) salts added as halide abstractors or oxidants. Recent reports have shown that Ag can also perform the crucial C-H activation step in several of these functionalizations. However, all of these processes are limited by the wasteful requirement for (super)stoichiometric Ag(I) salts. Herein, we report the development of a Ag/Pd cocatalyzed direct arylation of (fluoroarene) chromium tricarbonyl complexes with bromoarenes. The small organic salt, NMe4OC(CF3)3, added as a halide abstractor, enables the use of a catalytic amount of Ag, reversing the rapid precipitation of AgBr. We have shown through H/D scrambling and kinetic studies that a (PR3)Ag-alkoxide is responsible for C-H activation, a departure from previous studies with Ag carboxylates. Furthermore, the construction of biaryls directly from the simple arene is achieved via a one-pot chromium tricarbonyl complexation/C-H arylation/decomplexation sequence using (pyrene)Cr(CO)3 as a Cr(CO)3 donor.
Ag(I)-Catalyzed C-H Activation: The Role of the Ag(I) Salt in Pd/Ag-Mediated C-H Arylation of Electron-Deficient Arenes
Whitaker, Daniel,Burés, Jordi,Larrosa, Igor
supporting information, p. 8384 - 8387 (2016/07/27)
The use of stoichiometric Ag(I)-salts as additives in Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions is widespread. It is commonly proposed that this additive acts as an oxidant or as a halide scavenger promoting Pd-catalyst turnover. We demonstrate that, contrary to current proposals, phosphine ligated Ag(I)-carboxylates can efficiently carry out C-H activation on electron-deficient arenes. We show through a combination of stoichiometric and kinetic studies that a (PPh3)Ag-carboxylate is responsible for the C-H activation step in the Pd-catalyzed arylation of Cr(CO)3-complexed fluorobenzene. Furthermore, the reaction rate is controlled by the rate of Ag(I)-C-H activation, leading to an order zero on the Pd-catalyst. H/D scrambling studies indicate that this Ag(I) complex can carry out C-H activation on a variety of aromatic compounds traditionally used in Pd/Ag-mediated C-H functionalization methodologies.
Arene-metal π-complexation as a traceless reactivity enhancer for C-H arylation
Ricci, Paolo,Kraemer, Katrina,Cambeiro, Xacobe C.,Larrosa, Igor
supporting information, p. 13258 - 13261 (2013/09/24)
Current approaches to facilitate C-H arylation of arenes involve the use of either strongly electron-withdrawing substituents or directing groups. Both approaches require structural modification of the arene, limiting their generality. We present a new approach where C-H arylation is made possible without altering the connectivity of the arene via π-complexation of a Cr(CO)3 unit, greatly enhancing the reactivity of the aromatic C-H bonds. We apply this approach to monofluorobenzenes, highly unreactive arenes, which upon complexation become nearly as reactive as pentafluorobenzene itself in their couplings with iodoarenes. DFT calculations indicate that C-H activation via a concerted metalation-deprotonation transition state is facilitated by the predisposition of C-H bonds in (Ar-H)Cr(CO)3 to bend out of the aromatic plane.
