149703-84-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis and optical properties of (thienylene)-[1,6-dithienylhexa-1,3,5-trienylene] copolymers
Embert,Lere-Porte,Moreau,Serein-Spirau,Righi,Sauvajol
, p. 718 - 722 (2001)
Two [thiophene-1,6-dithienylhexa-1,3,5-triene] copolymers were prepared by a palladium catalysed coupling reaction of a dibromothiophene derivative and a bis(tributylstannyl) derivative of a 1,6-dithienylhexa-1,3,5-triene unit. The electrochromism and the photoluminescence properties of the highly conjugated polymers were studied. In the solid state the polymers have strong photoluminescence bands at 2.0 eV for 9 and 1.95 eV for 8. Polymer 8 seems particularly promising for use as a red-light emitting diode, and the two polymers 8 and 9 exhibit red-pale blue electrochromism that makes them suitable for fabricating new devices.
Solvent tuned excited state configuration mixing in a π-conjugated metal-organic oligomer
Liu, Shengxia,Schanze, Kirk S.
, p. 1510 - 1511 (2004)
The photophysical properties of a π-conjugated metal-organic oligomer vary smoothly with solvent composition. The variation is believed to arise from solvent-tuned configuration mixing of 3π,π* and 3MLCT levels.
Tuning the Solid State Emission of Thin Films/Microspheres Obtained from Alternating Oligo(3-octylthiophenes) and 2,6-Bis(pyrazole)pyridine Copolymers by Varying Conjugation Length and Eu3+/Tb3+ Metal Coordination
Narayana, Yemineni S. L. V.,Baumgarten, Martin,Müllen, Klaus,Chandrasekar, Rajadurai
, p. 4801 - 4812 (2015/08/04)
A series of dialkynyl-functionalized oligo(3-octylthiophene)m (m = 1-7 and 9, where m is the number of thiophene units) were polymerized together with 2,6-bis(pyrazole)pyridine (BPP) to get alternating copolymers (P1-P7 and P9) with the number-average molecular weights (Mn) in the range of 5.3-11 kDa. These copolymers were further self-assembled into solid microspheres. The optical emission range of these copolymers were fine-tuned from blue to red and white by changing the conjugation length of thiophene oligomers (band gap approximately from 2.1 to 1.67 eV) and coordination of metals like Eu3+ and Tb3+ in both the solution and solid states. A white color was obtained in solution, thin film, and microsphere states with CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage) coordinates close to the values of standard white color.
Multifunctional materials consisting of regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene)s covalently attached on carbon nanotubes for photovoltaic applications
-
, (2011/04/24)
Facile ways towards the integration of the regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene)s onto carbon nanotubes, providing multifunctional materials that combine the extraordinary properties of the carbon nanotubes with those of regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene)s, are presented.
Identification and quantification of defect structures in poly(2,5-thienylene vinylene) derivatives prepared via the dithiocarbamate precursor route by means of NMR spectroscopy on 13C-labeled polymers
Dilien,Chambon,Cleij,Lutsen,Vanderzande,Adriaensens
scheme or table, p. 4711 - 4720 (2012/05/20)
During the past decades several synthetic routes toward the low band gap polymer poly(2,5-thienylene vinylene) (PTV) and derivatives have been studied. This study describes an extensive NMR characterization of 13C-labeled 3-octyl-PTV and its precursor polymer prepared via the dithiocarbamate route which is, since stable monomers are available, a promising route toward PTV derivatives. By introducing 13C-labeled vinylene carbons, we were able to characterize these polymers in a quantitative way, taking the end groups and structural polymerization defects, which disturb the conjugated system, into account. Several NMR techniques and the synthesis of model compounds were used to fully assign the proton and carbon chemical shifts. Moreover, the classically used thermal conversion of the precursor toward the conjugated polymer has been compared to a smoother, acid-induced elimination procedure.
A deeper insight into the dithiocarbamate precursor route: Synthesis of soluble poly(thienylene vinylene) derivatives for photovoltaic applications
Dilien, Hanne,Palmaerts, Arne,Lenes, Martijn,De Boer, Bert,Blom, Paul,Cleij, Thomas J.,Lutsen, Laurence,Vanderzande, Dirk
experimental part, p. 10231 - 10240 (2011/08/03)
The synthesis of, two new poly(thienylene vinylene) derivatives is described, i.e. poly(3-octyl-2,5-thienylene vinylene) (O-PTV) and poly(bis[octylphenyl-2,5-thienylene vinylene]) (BOP-PTV). Both polymers have been prepared via the dithiocarbamate (DTC) precursor route. The polymerization protocol of the monomer toward the precursor polymer has been optimized by the use of different bases, leading to improved reproducibility of the polymerization step. Processability has been guaranteed by the introduction of alkyl side chains. Finally the precursor polymers were converted toward conjugated polymers and they were fully characterized by UV/vis, IR, GPC, and cyclic voltammetry. Bulk heterojunction solar cells with PCBM as acceptor showed promising power conversion efficiencies of 0.80% for BOP-PTV and 0.92% for O-PTV.
Regiocontrolled synthesis of poly(3-alkylthiophenes) mediated by Rieke zinc: Their characterization and solid-state properties
Chen, Tian-An,Wu, Xiaoming,Rieke, Reuben D.
, p. 233 - 244 (2007/10/02)
A systematically regiocontrolled synthesis of poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (P3AT) mediated by Rieke zinc is reported. Rieke zinc undergoes oxidative addition to 2,5-dibromo-3-alkylthiophene or 2-bromo-5-iodo-3-alkylthiophene regioselectively to afford 2-bromo-5-(bromozincio)-3-alkylthiophene (2) or 2-bromo-5-(iodozincio)-3-alkylthiophene (10). The intermediate 2 or 10 can be polymerized catalytically to a series of regiospecific poly(3-alkylthiophenes) using different catalysts. The regioregularity of the polymer chain is solely controlled by the structure of the catalyst. An almost completely regioregular head-to-tail (HT) P3AT (4) is obtained by using Ni(DPPE)Cl2 ([1,2-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ethane]nickel(II) chloride). Use of Pd(DPPE)Cl2 leads to a reduction in the regioregularity (70: 30 HT/HH), while using Ni(PPh3)4 also leads to a much reduced regioregular P3AT (63:35 HT/HH). A totally regiorandom (50:50 HT/HH) P3AT (5) is afforded by using Pd(PPh3)4. The poly(3-butylthiophene) 4a is a 97% HT regioregular polymer. Other poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (alkyl = hexyl (4b), octyl (4c), decyl (4d), dodecyl (4e), and tetradecyl (4f)) are regioregular P3ATs with the HT linkage larger than 98.5% based on NMR analysis. Electronic absorption, X-ray diffraction, and crossed polarizing micrograph studies show that the cast films of the regioregular P3ATs (4) are self-organized, crystalline, flexible, and bronze-colored films with a metallic luster, while that of the regiorandom P3ATs (5) are amorphous and orange-colored films. The regioregular P3ATs exhibit a small bandgap (1.7 eV) which is 0.4 eV lower than that of regiorandom P3ATs (2.1 eV). Regioregular HT P3ATs have considerably improved electroconductivity and other physical properties over regiorandom P3ATs.
Extensively Conjugated Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) ?-Electron Donors with Oligothiophenes Spacer Groups
Roncali, Jean,Giffard, Michel,Frere, Pierre,Jubault, Michel,Gorgues, Alain
, p. 689 - 691 (2007/10/02)
New extended p-donors combining the tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) system with the conjugated backbone of substituted terthienyls are described.
