151198-06-0Relevant articles and documents
Orientation analysis of polyacetylene with liquid crystalline side chains
Masuda, Kaoru,Akagi, Kazuo,Shirakawa, Hideki,Nishizawa, Takashi
, p. 173 - 181 (1998)
Polyacetylene substituted by liquid crystalline side chains and its monomer were characterized by 13C NMR spectroscopy in order to investigate their orientation and dynamics in the liquid crystalline state. Anisotropic chemical shifts of phenylene carbons, acetylene carbons and ethylene carbons were analysed. In both the monomer and the polymer, phenylene carbons showed downfield chemical shifts indicating their orientation to the magnetic field. On the other hand, by comparing observed chemical shifts and theoretical ones, acetylene carbons in the monomer were found to move freely in the liquid crystalline state. For the polymer, the dynamics of ethylene carbons (polyacetylene backbones) was interpreted in terms of a swing model, while that of side-chain phenylene carbons was explained as a swing model synchronized with the main chain accompanied by rotation around the director. These results directly revel the scheme of the alignment of the main chain induced by the side chain orientation, and also suggest that the polymer structure is constructed by head-to-head or tail-to-tail type connection of monomers.
Synthesis and properties of liquid-crystalline-conjugated polymers
Akagi, Kazuo
, p. 649 - 661 (2007/10/03)
We have synthesized novel liquid-crystalline (LC)-conducting polymers by introducing LC groups into acetylene monomers and polymerizing them with Ziegler-Natta, metathesis, and rhodium-based catalysts. All polymers prepared were soluble in organic solvents and had a thermotropic liquid crystallinity characterized with fan-shaped texture in polarizing optical microscopy. Phase transitions and the corresponding enthalpy changes were also evaluated by means of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). High-order structures of the polymers were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. XRD measurements showed that the polymers had layered structures in the LC state to give smectic A phases, which is in agreement with the results from the polarizing optical microscope. We found that the LC side chains alternate on both sides of the polyene chain, giving rise to a stereoregular sequence, such as head-head-tail-tail linkage. Macroscopic alignments of the polymers were performed in the liquid-crystalline phase by shear stress or a magnetic force field of 0.7-1.0 Tesla, which resulted in an enhancement by two orders of magnitude in the electrical conductivity of iodine-doped cast films. Orientation behaviors of the polymers as well as the monomers were investigated using fused-state 13CNMR measurements with proton dipolar decoupling. Analysis of chemical shift tensors was also carried out to evaluate the order parameter and shielding anisotropy in the LC phase. As a result, we demonstrated that LC-conjugated polymers uniaxially aligned due to the magnetically forced alignment of the LC side-chain, giving rise to a monodomain structure.