152529-65-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of Paraxanthine Analogs (1,7-Disubstituted Xanthines) and Other Xanthines Unsubstituted at the 3-Position: Structure-Activity Relationships at Adenosine Receptors
Mueller, Christa E.,Shi, Dan,Manning, Malcolm,Daly, John W.
, p. 3341 - 3349 (2007/10/02)
Synthetic procedures for the preparation of various 3-unsubstituted xanthines, including paraxanthine analogs (1,7-disubstituted xanthines) and 1,8-disubstituted xanthines, were developed.Sylylation of 1-substituted xanthines followed by alkylation at the 7-position provides a facile route to paraxanthine analogs.Regioselective alkylation of tris(trimethylsilyl)-6-aminouracil provides 3-substituted 6-aminouracils, which are converted to 1,8-disubstituted xanthines by standard procedures.The ring closure of 3-substituted 5-cyclopentanecarboxamido- and 5-(benzoylamino)-6-aminouracils requires drastic reaction conditions.Affinity for brain A1 and A2 adenosine receptors was determined in binding assays for these and other xanthines with substituents in 1-, 3-, 7-, 8-, and 9-positions.Substitution at the 1-position was necessary for high affinity at adenosine receptors. 1,3-Disubstituted xanthines generally had higher affinity than 1,7-disubstituted xanthines. 1,8-Disubstituted xanthines had high affinity for adenosine receptors; some were highly selective for A1 receptors.
