16676-29-2 Usage
Description
Naltrexone hydrochloride, a potent, long-acting, and orally-effective narcotic antagonist, is a white crystalline powder. It is a congener of naloxone and is used in the management of narcotic addiction. Branded as TREXAN, this compound is a nonselective opioid receptor antagonist.
Uses
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Naltrexone hydrochloride is used as a narcotic antagonist for the treatment of alcoholism. It helps in managing narcotic addiction by blocking the effects of opioids in the brain, thus reducing the desire for alcohol or other drugs.
Used in Research and Development:
Naltrexone hydrochloride is used as an opioid antagonist in research to analyze its effect on ethanol preference using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model. It is also utilized to determine its effectiveness in reducing the preference for substances of abuse (SOA) like nicotine and cocaine using the same model organism.
Used in Drug Development for Specific Diseases:
In the preparation of combinatorial drug PXT3003, Naltrexone hydrochloride is used for treating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 1A (CMT1A) transgenic rat model Pmp22. This application highlights its potential in developing novel therapies for specific medical conditions.
Used in Ophthalmology:
Naltrexone hydrochloride is used as a sulfonamide, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, and anti-glaucoma agent. Its application in this field aids in the management of glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure.
Originator
Endo (USA)
Biological Activity
Opioid antagonist.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Competitive antagonist for μ, κ, δ, and σ-opioid receptors; has greater oral efficacy and longer duration of action than naloxone.
Clinical Use
Opioid antagonist:
Adjunctive prophylactic treatment in patient’s
previously opioid dependant
Treatment of alcohol dependence
Drug interactions
Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Opioids: Avoid concomitant use.
Metabolism
Naltrexone is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal
tract but is subject to considerable first-pass metabolism
and may undergo enterohepatic recycling. It is extensively
metabolised in the liver and the major metabolite,
6-β-naltrexol, may also possess weak opioid antagonist
activity.
It is excreted mainly in the urine, <5% is excreted in the
faeces.
The renal clearance for naltrexone ranges from 30-127
mL/min and suggests that renal elimination is primarily
by glomerular filtration
Purification Methods
This narcotic antagonist has been purified by recrystallisation from MeOH and dried in air. The free base has m 168-170o after recrystallisation from Me2CO. [Cone et al. J Pharm Sci 64 618 1975, Gold et al. Med Res Rev 2 211 1982.]
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 16676-29-2 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,6,6,7 and 6 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 9 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 16676-29:
(7*1)+(6*6)+(5*6)+(4*7)+(3*6)+(2*2)+(1*9)=132
132 % 10 = 2
So 16676-29-2 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C20H23NO4.ClH/c22-13-4-3-12-9-15-20(24)6-5-14(23)18-19(20,16(12)17(13)25-18)7-8-21(15)10-11-1-2-11;/h3-4,11,15,18,22,24H,1-2,5-10H2;1H/t15-,18+,19+,20-;/m1./s1
16676-29-2Relevant articles and documents
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF MORPHINANE ANALOGUES
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Page/Page column 33, (2009/10/30)
The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing morphinane analogues of formula (1) wherein the substituents R1, R2, R2a, R3, R4, R5 and Y have the meanings as defined in the specifications.
Transdermal delivery of naltrexone hydrochloride, naltrexol hydrochloride, and bis(hydroxy-methyl)propionyl-3-0 ester naltrexone using microneedles
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Page/Page column 4, (2008/06/13)
The present invention provides methods for transdermal delivery of a therapeutically effective amount of Naltrexone Hydrochloride, Naltrexol Hydrochloride, and/or Naltrexone Diol Ester using microneedles. The invention also provides methods for treatment of narcotic dependence, alcohol abuse, and/or alcoholism. Preferably, the Naltrexone Hydrochloride, Naltrexol Hydrochloride, and/or Naltrexone Diol Ester is administered by creating a microneedle-treated site in the skin of a subject by inserting microneedles, followed by applying the Naltrexone Hydrochloride, Naltrexol Hydrochloride, and/or Naltrexone Diol Ester to the microneedle-treated site.
PREPARATION OF OPIATE ANALGESICS BY REDUCTIVE ALKYLATION
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Page/Page column 7, (2008/06/13)
A process for preparing a compound of formula (A), (B) or (C): wherein P is H, CH3 or a hydroxyl protecting group; X is O, a protected ketone, OH, a protected hydroxyl group or H; Y is OH, a protected hydroxyl group or H; W is C(CH3)2OH, C(CH3)(C(CH3)3)OH or COCH3; Z is C2-C10 alkyl or C2-C10 arylalkyl; and ′ is a. single bond or a double bond, is disclosed. The process is a reductive alkylation in the presence of hydrogen and a reductive alkylation catalyst.