16968-09-5

Usage

Chemical structure

1,1',4,4'-Tetrahydro-1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridine

Type of compound

Quaternary ammonium compound

Function

Nicotinic receptor antagonist

Mechanism of action

Potent, non-competitive inhibitor of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in autonomic ganglia and at the neuromuscular junction

Research applications

Studies of nicotine addiction

Investigational drug for

Various psychiatric and neurological disorders

Efficacy

Effective in reducing nicotine withdrawal symptoms and cravings

Potential treatments

Depression, ADHD, and Tourette's syndrome

Side effects

Dizziness, headaches, and gastrointestinal disturbances

Upstream product

• 930-73-4 1-methyl pyridinium iodide 
• 74-88-4 methyl iodide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Photolytic Generation and the Subsequent Dimerization of 4-Alkyl-1-methylpyridinyl Radicals in Solution as Studied by Steady-state and Kinetic ESR Spectroscopy

1-Methylpyridinyl and 4-alkyl-1-methylpyridinyl (alkyl=methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and t-butyl) radicals were generated photolytically from their dimers in solution.Hyperfine splitting constants for these radicals were assigned and the temperature dependence was discussed.Absolute dimerization rates of these radicals in the range of -50 - -100 deg C were determined by analyzing the ESR signal decay during the dark period.A nearly constant activation energy of dimerization was observed for five radicals, while the frequency factor decreased with the bulkiness of 4-substituent, which are discussed in terms of the steric hindrance for the dimerization.