17172-27-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Methods of preparing highly concentrated aqueous bromine solutions
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Page/Page column 5, (2008/06/13)
The present invention is directed to convenient methods of preparing: (1) highly concentrated liquid bromine-containing biocidal solutions and (2) highly concentrated mixed halogen liquid bromine and chlorine-containing biocidal solutions that have excellent physical and chemical stability. One method involves adding the acidic reaction medium to an alkaline source to effect the final pH adjustment and in another these are co-fed into a common reaction vessel. Both methods minimize the incidence of the acid hydrolysis reaction that undermines chemical yields and generates troublesome sulfate by-products. The methods offer superior reactor cooling efficiencies that reduce batch cycle times and suppress undesirable elevated temperature decomposition reactions.
PREPARATION OF CONCENTRATED BROMINE SOLUTIONS AND HIGH ACTIVITY BROMINE SOLIDS
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Page/Page column 31-32, (2008/06/13)
The invention includes convenient methods of preparing: (1) highly concentrated liquid bromine-containing biocidal solutions, (2) highly concentrated mixed halogen liquid bromine and chlorine-containing biocidal solutions, and (3) high-activity bromine containing biocidal solids, all having excellent physical and chemical stability. One method yields solutions that have concentrations of bromine in excess of 18% as Br2 (8% as C12) in which the mole ratio of hydroxide ion to hydrogen ion source is at least 1.9: 1. Another method employs elemental bromine in conjunction with a solid organic or inorganic halogenating agent to yield halogen solutions at concentrations greater than 22.9% as Br2 (10.2% as C12). This method can be performed under conditions that exceed the solubility of the active ingredient such that it crystallizes and is recovered as a hydrated or anhydrous salt in good yield.
