17273-79-9Relevant articles and documents
Triggered Release from Lipid Bilayer Vesicles by an Artificial Transmembrane Signal Transduction System
Langton, Matthew J.,Scriven, Lorel M.,Williams, Nicholas H.,Hunter, Christopher A.
, p. 15768 - 15773 (2017)
The on-demand delivery of drug molecules from nanoscale carriers with spatiotemporal control is a key challenge in modern medicine. Here we show that lipid bilayer vesicles (liposomes) can be triggered to release an encapsulated molecular cargo in response to an external control signal by employing an artificial transmembrane signal transduction mechanism. A synthetic signal transducer embedded in the lipid bilayer membrane acts as a switchable catalyst, catalyzing the formation of surfactant molecules inside the vesicle in response to a change in external pH. The surfactant permeabilizes the lipid bilayer membrane to facilitate release of an encapsulated hydrophilic cargo. In the absence of the pH control signal, the catalyst is inactive, and the cargo remains encapsulated within the vesicle.
Mutagenicity of N-acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides as an indicator of DNA intercalation part 1: Evidence for naphthalene as a DNA intercalator
Banks, Tony M.,Clay, Samuel F.,Glover, Stephen A.,Schumacher, Rhiannon R.
, p. 3699 - 3714 (2016/05/09)
N-Acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides are direct-acting mutagens in S. typhimurium TA100 with a linear dependence upon log P that maximises at log P0 = 6.4. Eight N-acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides (2-9) bearing a naphthalene group on any of the three side-chains and with log P0 6.4 have been demonstrated to be significantly and uniformly more mutagenic towards S. typhimurium TA100 than 50 mutagens without naphthalene. The activity enhancement of 2-9 is likely due to intercalative binding of naphthalene to bacterial DNA as a number are also active in TA98, a frame-shift strain of S. typhimurium, which is modified by intercalators. DNA damage profiles for naphthalene-bearing mutagens confirm enhanced reactivity with DNA when naphthalene is incorporated and a different binding mode when compared to mutagens without naphthalene. The effect is independent of whether the naphthalene is attached to an electron-donating alkyl or electron-withdrawing acyl group, alkyl tether length or, in the case of 6 and 7, the point of attachment to naphthalene. A new quantitative structure activity relationship has been constructed for all 58 congeners incorporating log P and an indicator variable, I, for the presence (I = 1) or absence (I = 0) of naphthalene and from which the activity enhancing effect of a naphthalene has been quantified at between three and four log P units. Contrary to conventional views, simple naphthalene groups could target molecules to DNA through intercalation.
Relationship between interlayer anions and photoluminescence of layered rare earth hydroxides
Kim, Hyunsub,Lee, Byung-Il,Jeong, Heejin,Byeon, Song-Ho
, p. 7437 - 7445 (2015/07/20)
The effect of interlayer anions on the photoluminescence of layered rare earth hydroxides was investigated with the rare earth (RE)-doped layered gadolinium hydroxynitrate as a representative base matrix for efficient and stable anion-exchange reactions. Eu3+, Tb3+, and Ce3+ were employed as RE activator ions for red, green, and blue emissions, respectively. The excitation and emission behaviors of Gd1.80RE0.20(OH)5X·nH2O (LGdH:RE) were systematically compared for various interlayer inorganic and organic anions, where X = F-, Cl-, I-, OH-, ClO3-, S2-, CO32-, SO42-, terephthalate, 2-naphthoate, and dodecylsulfate members were obtained by the exchange reaction of corresponding X = NO3- members. Interestingly, a close relationship was found between the UV-Vis absorption spectra of aqueous solutions containing X anions and the excitation behavior of LGdH:RE. Thus, NO3-, I-, and S2- anions showing high absorbance in aqueous solution consistently shielded the excitation light for the 8S7/2 → 6IJ transition of Gd3+ and the 4f → 5d interconfigurational transitions of Tb3+ and Ce3+ to turn off the corresponding emissions from LGdH:Eu, LGdH:Tb, and LGdH:Ce. In contrast, the effect of terephthalate and 2-naphthoate, despite high absorbance in aqueous solutions, was significantly different depending on the RE activator ion. It is proposed that an identical interlayer anion in the gallery of LRHs can filter or sensitize the UV energy for excitation of RE3+-doped LRHs and its role (whether as a filter, a sensitizer, or just a spacer) is determined by the nature of activator ions.