174508-31-7Relevant articles and documents
Highly efficient, iodine-free dye-sensitized solar cells with solid-state synthesis of conducting polymers
Koh, Jong Kwan,Kim, Jeonghun,Kim, Byeonggwan,Kim, Jong Hak,Kim, Eunkyoung
, p. 1641 - 1646 (2011)
A solid-state polymerizable conductive monomer with good conductivity and penetration to the photoelectrode is introduced to iodine-free, solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using an easily accessible and widely applicable fabrication method. A conducting polymer as a hole transporting material effectively penetrates into the TiO2 pores and polymerizes with heating to mild temperatures. The fabricated DSSCs exhibited the highest energy conversion efficiency of 5.4% in N719 dye.
Electromagnetic interference shielding properties of solid-state polymerization conducting polymer
Wu, Fan,Xu, Zhuanghu,Wang, Yuan,Wang, Mingyang
, p. 38797 - 38803 (2014)
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) has been synthesized through a facile solid-state polymerization (SSP) approach. The polymerization was simply initiated by sintering the monomer, 2,5-dibro-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DBEDOT), at a temperature of 80 °C. A high performance shield for electromagnetic interference (EMI) protection based on this SSP-PEDOT has been developed. The SSP-PEDOT with a heating time of 24 hours has the maximum value of the dielectric loss tangent (tanδε) in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz, which revealed that this sample has the best electromagnetic energy absorption ability. When the thickness of the sample reached 2 mm, the bandwidth with the reflection loss (RL) deeper than -10 dB was nearly 5.9 GHz (from 10.0 GHz to 15.9 GHz), and the maximum value of RL was about -50.1 dB at 11.2 GHz. The SSP-PEDOT with a heating time of 1 hour had the best EMI shielding effectiveness (SEtotal) in the entire frequency range of 2-18 GHz, which was almost contributed to the reflection from the material surface (SER). These results demonstrated that SSP initiated at low temperature shows multi-practical EMI shielding application in the areas of military camouflage and electronic devices protection. the Partner Organisations 2014.
Vortex fibril structure and chiroptical electrochromic effect of optically active poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT*) prepared by chiral transcription electrochemical polymerisation in cholesteric liquid crystal
Goto, Hiromasa
, p. 4914 - 4921 (2009)
Chiroptical electroactive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was electrochemically synthesised in a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) electrolyte solution from the terEDOT monomer. PEDOT synthesised from terEDOT was found to enable the formation of a
Stable and soluble oligo(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)s end-capped with alkyl chains
Turbiez, Mathieu,Frere, Pierre,Roncali, Jean
, p. 5357 - 5360 (2003)
The synthesis of a new series of stable and soluble EDOT oligomers end-capped with n-hexyl groups is described. Optical and electrochemical results indicate that the synergy between the direct electron-releasing effects of the ethylenedioxy groups and the self-rigidification resulting from intramolecular interactions controls to a large extent the HOMO-LUMO gap.
Solid-State Synthesis of a Conducting Polythiophene via an Unprecedented Heterocyclic Coupling Reaction
Meng, Hong,Perepichka, Dmitrii F.,Bendikov, Michael,Wudl, Fred,Pan, Grant Z.,Yu, Wenjiang,Dong, Wenjian,Brown, Stuart
, p. 15151 - 15162 (2003)
Prolonged storage (～2 years) or gentle heating (50-80 °C) of crystalline 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DBEDOT) affords a highly conducting, bromine-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), as confirmed by solid-state NMR, FTIR, CV, and vis-NIR spectroscopies. The novel solid-state polymerization (SSP) does not occur for 2,5-dichloro-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DCEDOT), and requires a much higher temperature (>130 °C) for 2,5-diiodo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DIEDOT). X-ray structural analysis of the above dihalothiophenes reveals short Hal...Hal distances between adjacent molecules in DBEDOT and DIEDOT, but not in DCEDOT. The polymerization may also occur in the melt but is significantly slower and leads to poorly conductive material. Detailed studies of the reaction were performed using ESR, DSC, microscopy, and gravimetric analyses. SSP starts on crystal defect sites; it is exothermic by 14 kcal/mol and requires activation energy of ～26 kcal/mol (for DBEDOT). The temperature dependence of the conductivity of SSP-PEDOT (σrt = 20-80 S/cm) reveals a slight thermal activation. It can be further increased by a factor of 2 by doping with iodine. Using this approach, thin films of PEDOT with conductivity as high as 20 S/cm were fabricated on insulating flexible plastic surfaces.
Cyclic thiourea functionalized dyes with binary π-linkers: Influence of different π-conjugation segments on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells
Zhu, Shengbo,An, Zhongwei,Chen, Xinbing,Chen, Pei,Liu, Qianfeng
, p. 146 - 154 (2015)
A series of cyclic thiourea functionalized dyes containing binary π-linkers were synthesized and applied in the dye-sensitized solar cells. The only difference of these dyes is that one segment of the binary π-linkers is thiophene, n-hexylthiophene, thienothiophene, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, and benzene, respectively. Among them, the dyes incorporating electron-rich thienothiophene or 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene exhibit the broader absorption bands and higher molar extinction coefficients in the visible region, which can not only enhance the light-harvesting ability but also improve the short-circuit current density; on the other hand, the dyes bearing bulky n-hexylthiophene or 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene can effectively suppress the intermolecular π-π aggregation and electron recombination owing to larger steric hindrance, which is beneficial to increase the open-circuit voltage.
Synthesis and electrical properties of novel oligothiophenes partially containing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophenes
Imae, Ichiro,Imabayashi, Saki,Komaguchi, Kenji,Tan, Zhifang,Ooyama, Yousuke,Harima, Yutaka
, p. 2501 - 2508 (2014)
Five sorts of soluble oligothiophenes (trimer to undecamer) containing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) were synthesized, and their optical and electrochemical properties were investigated in relation to the chain length of oligothiophenes and the number of EDOT units. The introduction of the EDOT unit into a main oligothienylene unit induced a red shift of absorption bands and a negative shift of oxidation potentials. The conductivity of an electrochemically oxidized film of undecamer was found to be around 1 S cm-1. A thin-film field effect transistor was preliminary fabricated with neutral undecamer films and the hole mobility was determined.
Charge transfer and delocalization in conjugated (ferrocenylethynyl)oligothiophene complexes
Zhu, Yongbao,Wolf, Michael O.
, p. 10121 - 10125 (2000)
A series of conjugated mono(ferrocenylethynyl)oligothiophene and bis(ferrocenylethynyl)oligothiophene complexes have been prepared. The cyclic voltammograms of the complexes all contain a reversible ferrocene oxidation wave and an irreversible oligothiophene-based wave. The potential difference between the two waves (ΔE) varies from 0.38 to 1.12 V, depending on the length and substitution of the oligothiophene group. Several of the mono(ferrocenylethynyl)oligothiophene complexes couple when oxidized, resulting in the deposition of a redox-active film on the electrode surface. In solution, electrochemical oxidation of the FeII centers yields the corresponding monocations and dications, which exhibit oligothiophene-to-FeIII charge-transfer transitions in the near-IR region. The band maxima of these low-energy transitions correlate linearly with ΔE, while the oscillator strengths show a linear correlation with negative slope with ΔE. The complexes with similar charge-transfer transition dipole lengths show an increase in the extent of charge delocalization with smaller ΔE. Comparisons between complexes with different length oligothiophene ligands show that a reduction in ΔE results either in greater delocalization of charge or in charge being delocalized further along the rigid oligothiophene ligand. These results have important implications in understanding charge delocalization in metal-containing polymers.
Fully undoped and soluble oligo(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)s: Spectroscopic study and electrochemical characterization
Tran-Van, Francois,Garreau, Sebastien,Louarn, Guy,Froyer, Gerard,Chevrot, Claude
, p. 1378 - 1382 (2001)
Fully undoped oligo(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)s have been synthesized from polycondensation of the corresponding dibromomonomer in the presence of a catalytic Ni(0)-based complex in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). HPLC analysis indicated that the material is constituted of three main oligomers which have also been clearly detected by UV-Visible spectroscopy. Due to its partial solubility in DMA, processability is improved compared to the corresponding insoluble polymer and thin films of oligomers can be deposited by evaporation. Electrochemical and electrochromic properties of undoped film have been carried out. Deep purple in its undoped state, the material becomes sky blue in the oxidized form. The mixture of oligomers was characterized by means of Raman scattering, IR absorption and X-Ray dffraction (XRD), and compared to the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) obtained by the oxidative route.
A bromine-catalysis-synthesized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/graphitic carbon nitride electrochemical sensor for heavy metal ion determination
Wu, Wei,Ali, Ahmat,Jamal, Ruxangul,Abdulla, Mihray,Bakri, Tursunnisahan,Abdiryim, Tursun
, p. 34691 - 34698 (2019)
In this paper, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/graphitic carbon nitride (PEDOT/g-C3N4) composites were prepared by the bromine catalysed polymerization (BCP) method with varying weight ratios of monomer to g-C3N4. For comparison, solid-state polymerization (SSP) and metal oxidative polymerization (MOP) methods were also used for the synthesis of PEDOT/g-C3N4 composites. Electrochemical determination of heavy metal ions (Cd2+ and Pb2+) was carried out by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) on composite-modified glass carbon electrodes (GCEs), which were prepared by different methods. The obtained composites were analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the bromine catalysed polymerization (BCP) method is an effective way to prepare the PEDOT/g-C3N4 composite, and the combination of PEDOT with g-C3N4 can improve the electrochemical activity of electrode materials. And, the composite from the BCP method modified electrode (PEDOT/10 wt% g-C3N4/GCE) exhibited the widest linear responses for Cd2+ and Pb2+, ranging from 0.06-12 μM and 0.04-11.6 μM with detection limits (S/N = 3) of 0.0014 μM and 0.00421 μM, respectively.
