1754-54-7Relevant articles and documents
Solid-state photochemical and photomechanical properties of molecular crystal nanorods composed of anthracene ester derivatives
Zhu, Lingyan,Agarwal, Arun,Lai, Jinfeng,Al-Kaysi, Rabih O.,Tham, Fook S.,Ghaddar, Tarek,Mueller, Leonard,Bardeen, Christopher J.
experimental part, p. 6258 - 6268 (2011/11/12)
A series of 9-anthroate esters that can form photoresponsive molecular crystal nanorods is prepared and their properties are investigated. All crystal structures that can support a [4 + 4] photodimerization reaction lead to nanorods that undergo photomechanical deformations without fragmentation. In order to determine the molecular-level motions that give rise to the nanorod photomechanical response, the reaction of anthracene-9-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester is studied in detail using X-ray diffraction and solid-state NMR techniques. The monomer crystal is well-aligned within the nanorod and reacts to form the photodimer crystal according to first-order kinetics. The solid-state reacted dimer crystal is a metastable intermediate that slowly converts into the low energy dimer crystal structure over the course of weeks. Based on single crystal X-ray diffraction studies and solid-state NMR data, this intermediate structure is likely composed of the [4 + 4] photodimer that has not yet undergone the ester group rotations and repacking is necessary to form the lower energy crystal polymorph that is produced directly by crystallization from solution. Our results show that the photomechanical response of these molecular crystal nanostructures is determined by nonequilibrium intermediate states and cannot be predicted based solely on knowledge of the equilibrium reactant and product crystal structures.
Low-Temperature Emission Spectra of 9-Alkylanthracene Esters: Dimer Photodecomposition and Monomer Pair Interactions in Polymer Hosts
Salt, Kimberly,Scott, Gary W.
, p. 9986 - 9991 (2007/10/02)
Effects due to variation in the alkyl chain length of photodimers of 9-alkylanthracene esters on their photodecomposition efficiencies at 12 K and, by implication, the photoproduct migration as a function of temperature within polymer hosts are investigated.It is shown that dimers with longer alkyl chains have a lower photodecomposition efficiency.The extent of photoproduct migration within the polymer following photodecomposition was also studied as a function of alkyl chain length.This migration and its modulation of the interaction between the separating monomers is shown to affect the emission spectrum.Thus, monomer migration was studied in temperature cycling experiments.It was also found, for the polymer hosts investigated - poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(vinyl chloride), and polystyrene - that these properties are host dependent.This result is probably due to the void space differences that exist among these polymers.