18378-89-7 Usage
Description
Mithramycin is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by
Streptomyces plicatus. It is well known as the aureolic acid
antitumor antibiotic that inhibits both cancer growth and
bone resorption by cross-linking GC-rich DNA, thus
blocking binding of Sp-family transcription factors to
gene regulatory elements. Transcription of c-Src, a gene
implicated in many human cancers and required for
osteoclast-dependent bone resorption, is regulated by the
binding of Sp factors to specific elements in its promoter.
Therefore, this gene represents an important anticancer
target and a potential lead target through which mithramycin
displays action against osteoclastic bone resorption
via an unknown mechanism. Hazards of handling this
drug by the health-care personnel arise from a combination
of factors: (1) its inherent toxicity and (2) the extent
to which workers are exposed to the drug in the course of
carrying out their duties. This exposure may be through
inadvertent ingestion of the drug on foodstuffs (e.g.,
workers’ lunches), inhalation of drug dusts or droplets, or
direct skin contact. Mithramycin has been used to
decrease bone resorption in patients with humoral
hypercalcemia and Paget’s disease.
Chemical Properties
yellow powder
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 18378-89-7 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Transcription inhibitor
2. Mithramycin was the first of the aureolic acid class of antitumour antibiotics, isolated from Streptomyces. Mithramycin inhibits transcription and protein synthesis by non-covalent binding with G-C-rich duplex DNA in the presence of magnesium and zinc ions. Mithramycin also induces differentiation of leukemic cells accompanied by an early decrease in c-myc expression, and selectively inhibits collagen-1 gene expression in human fibroblasts.
3. Mithramycin A was the first of the aureolic acid class of antitumor antibiotics, isolated from Streptomyces. Mithramycin inhibits transcription and protein synthesis by non-covalent binding with G-C-rich duplex DNA in the presence of magnesium and zinc ions. Mithramycin also induces differentiation of leukemic cells accompanied by an early decrease in c-myc expression, and selectively inhibits collagen-1 gene expression in human fibroblasts.
Indications
Plicamycin (mithramycin, Mithracin) is one of the chromomycin
group of antibiotics produced by Streptomyces
tanashiensis. Plicamycin binds to DNA and inhibits transcription.
It also inhibits resorption of bone by osteoblasts,
thus lowering serum calcium levels.Very little is
known about its distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Because of its severe toxicity, plicamycin has limited clinical
utility.The major indication for plicamycin therapy is
in the treatment of life-threatening hypercalcemia associated
with malignancy. Plicamycin also can be used in
the palliative therapy of metastatic testicular carcinoma
when all other known active drugs have failed.
Brand name
Mithracin (Pfizer) [Name
previously used: Mithramycin.].
General Description
Chemical structure: aureolic acid
Biological Activity
Anticancer antibiotic that selectively binds to G-C-rich DNA in the presence of Mg 2+ or Zn 2+ , inhibiting RNA and DNA polymerase action. Inhibits c-myc expression and induces myeloid differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Anticancer antibiotic. Inhibits transcription and protein synthesis. Binds to DNA in native chromatin. Substrate of Pgp in MDR phenotypes.
Purification Methods
Purify mithramycin A by crystallisation from CHCl3. It is soluble in MeOH, EtOH, Me2CO, EtOAc, Me2SO and H2O, and moderately soluble in CHCl3, but is slightly soluble in *C6H6 and Et2O. It is a fluorescent antitumour agent used in flow cytometry. [Thiem & Meyer Tetrahedron 37 551 1981, NMR: Yu et al. Nature 218 193 1968, Beilstein 17/1 V 672.]
Toxicity evaluation
Mithramycin inhibits mRNA and protein synthesis by adhering
to DNA. Mithramycin appears to affect bone resorption by
stimulating osteoclast activity and results in hypocalcemia and
hypophosphatemia. It is believed to lower serum calcium
concentrations, but the exact mechanism is unknown. It may
act by blocking hypercalcemic action of vitamin D or by
inhibiting the effect of parathyroid hormone on osteoclasts. Its
inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis appears to render
osteoclasts unable to fully respond to parathyroid hormone
with the biosynthesis necessary for osteolysis.
References
1) Lin?et al. (2007),?Mithramycin A inhibits DNA methyltransferase and metastasis potential of lung cancer cells; Anticancer Drugs,?18?1157
2) Jia?et al.?(2010),?Combined treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with mithramycin A and tolfenamic acid promotes Sp1 degradation and synergistic anti-tumor activity; Cancer Res.,?70?1111
3) Lee?et al. (2006),?Mithramycin A sensitizes cancer cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by down-regulation of XIAP gene promoter through Sp1 sites; Mol. Cancer Ther.,?5?2737
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 18378-89-7 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,8,3,7 and 8 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 9 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 18378-89:
(7*1)+(6*8)+(5*3)+(4*7)+(3*8)+(2*8)+(1*9)=147
147 % 10 = 7
So 18378-89-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C52H76O24/c1-18-29(72-34-14-30(43(58)21(4)68-34)73-33-13-28(54)42(57)20(3)67-33)12-26-10-25-11-27(49(66-9)48(63)41(56)19(2)53)50(47(62)39(25)46(61)38(26)40(18)55)76-36-16-31(44(59)23(6)70-36)74-35-15-32(45(60)22(5)69-35)75-37-17-52(8,65)51(64)24(7)71-37/h10,12,19-24,27-28,30-37,41-45,49-51,53-61,64-65H,11,13-17H2,1-9H3/t19-,20-,21-,22-,23-,24-,27+,28-,30-,31-,32-,33+,34+,35+,36+,37+,41+,42-,43-,44-,45+,49+,50+,51-,52+/m1/s1
18378-89-7Relevant articles and documents
THERAPEUTIC FOR HEPATIC CANCER
-
, (2011/02/18)
A novel pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing hepatocellular carcinoma and a method of treatment are provided. A pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing liver cancer is obtained by combining a chemotherapeutic agent with an anti-glypican 3 antibody. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing liver cancer which comprises as an active ingredient an anti-glypican 3 antibody for use in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent, or which comprises as an active ingredient a chemotherapeutic agent for use in combination with an anti-glypican 3 antibody. Using the chemotherapeutic agent and the anti-glypican 3 antibody in combination yields better therapeutic effects than using the chemotherapeutic agent alone, and mitigates side effects that arise from liver cancer treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent.
Immune Modulating Oligonucleotides in Connection with Chemotherapeutic Measures
-
, (2009/07/02)
The invention relates to the use of immune modulators on the basis of DNA in the form of covalently closed nucleic acid molecules comprising immune stimulatory sequence motifs, for the production of a pharmaceutical for the therapeutic treatment of tumor diseases in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs.
Compositions containing piperine
-
, (2008/06/13)
A pharmaceutical composition having increased bioavailability characterized by piperine of the formula STR1 and a drug for treating a disease or condition of the human cardiovascular system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, endocrine system, genito urinary tract or haemopoietic system.
