18431-52-2

Usage

Classification

Biogenic amine

Occurrence

Found in plant, animal, and bacterial tissues

Biological effects

Neuromodulation
Cardiovascular regulation
Anti-inflammatory properties

Role in nitric oxide synthesis

Regulation

Therapeutic applications

Studied for potential use in neuropathic pain, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases

Potential use as a dietary supplement

Bodybuilding and athletic performance enhancement, muscle mass increase, and improved physical performance

Upstream product

• 462-94-2 1,5-diaminopentane 
• 1071-37-0 2-ethylisothiourea hydrobromide 
• 147895-43-0 S-methylisothiourea hemisulphate 
• 52328-05-9 O-methylisourea hemisulfate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of homoagmatine and GC–MS analysis of tissue homoagmatine and agmatine: evidence that homoagmatine but not agmatine is a metabolite of pharmacological L-homoarginine in the anesthetized rat

Low L-homoarginine (hArg) concentrations in human blood and urine are associated with renal and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, yet the underlying mechanisms and the biological activities of hArg are elusive. In humans and rats, hArg is metabolized to l-lysine. The aim of the present work was to study hArg metabolism to agmatine (Agm) and homoagmatine (hAgm) in the anesthetized rat. Using a newly developed and validated GC–MS method and a newly synthesized and structurally characterized hAgm we investigated the metabolism of i.p. administered hArg (0, 20, 220, 440?mg/kg) to hAgm and Agm in lung, kidney, liver and heart in anesthetized rats. Our study provides unequivocal evidence that hArg is metabolized to hAgm but not to Agm. Whether hAgm derived from hArg’s metabolism may contribute to the pathophysiological significance of endogenous hArg and for the favoured effects of pharmacological hArg remains to be demonstrated. The biology of hArg warrants further investigations.

Acyl and carbamimidoyl alkanediamines

Synthetically produced substantially pure biologically active compounds having the general formula STR1 wherein R1 is C1 -C20 alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkylcycloalkenyl, or cycloalkenylalkyl; R2 is hydrogen, C1 -C10 alkyl or an amide-substituted alkyl having up to 10 carbon atoms; R3 is a cyclic, straight or branched chain hydrocarbon group having 2-12 carbon atoms, particularly --(CH2)n --, wherein n is 2-12; or R2 and R3 are linked together to form an alkylene chain; and R4 is selected from STR2 (substituted or unsubstituted carbamimidoyl), STR3 (dimethylpyrimidyl), or STR4 (carbamyl) wherein each of R5, R6, and R7 is hydrogen or the same or different C1 -C8 alkyl group. The compounds are useful as bactericides for a wide variety of bacteria, including S.pyogenes, B.subtilis, K.pneumoniae, M.avium, B.fragilis, C.perfringens and C.albicans.