194357-64-7Relevant articles and documents
ZWITTERION-CONTAINING ACRIDINIUM COMPOUNDS
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Page/Page column 67-68, (2011/06/16)
Hydrophilic, chemiluminescent acridinium compounds containing zwitterions are disclosed. These acridinium compounds, when used as chemiluminescent labels in immunochemistry assays and the like, exhibit decreased non-specific binding to solid phases and provide increased assay sensitivity.
Facile N-alkylation of acridine esters with 1,3-propane sultone in ionic liquids
Natrajan, Anand,Wen, David
experimental part, p. 913 - 921 (2011/06/22)
Hydrophilic chemiluminescent acridinium esters containing N-sulfopropyl groups are extremely useful labels in the clinical diagnostics industry. The synthesis of these labels is normally accomplished by N-alkylation of the acridine ester precursors with the carcinogenic reagent 1,3-propane sultone in neat reactions where the alkylating reagent also serves as the solvent. Product yields are often poor, the reactions are not reproducible and are also difficult to scale-up. In our efforts to develop a greener and a more efficient synthesis of N-sulfopropyl acridinium esters, we have discovered that commonly used room temperature ionic liquids such as [BMIM][BF4] and [BMIM][PF 6] are excellent media for the N-alkylation of poorly reactive acridine esters with 1,3-propane sultone. Advantages include a significant reduction in the amount of toxic 1,3-propane sultone needed for good conversion to product, and minimal formation of polysulfonated products. The alkylation reaction in ionic liquids is amenable to scale-up for the synthesis of gram quantities of hydrophilic, chemiluminescent acridinium esters. The Royal Society of Chemistry.