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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Photocatalytic Decarboxylative Hydroxylation of Carboxylic Acids Driven by Visible Light and Using Molecular Oxygen

This paper discloses the first example of photocatalytic direct decarboxylative hydroxylation of carboxylic acids. It enables the conversion of a variety of readily available carboxylic acids to alcohols in moderate to high yields. This unprecedented protocol is accomplished under extremely mild reaction conditions using molecular oxygen (O2) as a green oxidant and using visible light as a driving force.

Effects of phosphorus substituents on reactions of α- alkoxyphosphonium salts with nucleophiles

The effects of phosphorus substituents on the reactivity of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts with nucleophiles has been explored. Reactions of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts, prepared from various acetals and tris(o-tolyl)phosphine, with a variety of nucleophiles proceeded efficiently. These processes represent the first examples of high-yielding nucleophilic substitution reactions of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts. The reactivity of these salts was determined by a balance between steric and electronic factors, respectively, represented by cone angles θ and CO stretching frequencies ν (steric and electronic parameters, respectively). In addition, a novel reaction of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts derived from Ph3P with Grignard reagents was observed to take place in the presence of O2 to afford alcohols in good yields. A radical mechanism is proposed for this process that has gained support from isotope-labeling and radical-inhibition experiments. A dramatic change in the reactivity of an α-alkoxyphosphonium salt toward nucleophiles is observed due to the steric and electronic nature of the phosphine substituents. By changing the type of phosphorus substituents, the reaction pathway can be controlled to proceed selectively by substitution or a new radical reaction (see scheme; OTf=trifluoromethansulfonate, TMS=trimethylsilyl, o-tol=tolyl). Copyright

An unusual reaction of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts with Grignard reagents under an O2 atmosphere

An unusual and novel reaction of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts, generated from O,O-acetals and Ph3P, with Grignard reagents under an O 2 atmosphere afforded alcohols in moderate to high yields. It was clarified by isotopic labelling experiments that the reaction proceeded via a novel radical pathway.