199744-42-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Reinvestigation of the sulfuric acid-catalysed cyclisation of brominated 2-alkyllevulinic acids to 3-alkyl-5-methylene-2(5H)-furanones
Manny, Anthony J.,Kjelleberg, Staffan,Kumar, Naresh,De Nys, Rocky,Read, Roger W.,Steinberg, Peter
, p. 15813 - 15826 (2007/10/03)
A synthesis of ethyl-, butyl-, hexyl- and dodecyl-substituted fimbrolides from alkyl-substituted levulinic acid derivatives through bromination and acid promoted lactonisation is described. The underlying reactions have been investigated using levulinic acid as a model, and the effects of varying the bromination conditions and changing acid concentration on product distribution are discussed. Dibromination proceeds best in CHCl3 and proceeds in EtOH-free CHCl3 without the complication of ester formation. Cyclisation. occurs with concomitant oxidation in 98-100% H2SO4 but gives highest yields of fimbrolides in 100% H2SO4. The formation of related beckerelide substances is also described.
