2010-71-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of fluorinated fluoresceins
Sun, Wei-Chuan,Gee, Kyle R.,Klaubert, Dieter H.,Haugland, Richard P.
, p. 6469 - 6475 (1997)
Several novel fluorinated fluoresceins (Oregon Green dyes) were prepared by the reaction of fluororesorcinols with phthalic anhydride and its derivatives. A novel regiospecific synthesis of fluororesorcinols was key to the successful synthesis of these new fluorophores. (Polyfluoro)- nitrobenzenes were reacted with 2 equiv of sodium methoxide followed by reduction, hydrodediazoniation, and demethylation, giving the first straightforward synthesis of 2-fluororesorcinol, 4-fluororesorcinol, 2,4- difluororesorcinol, and 2,4,5-trifluororesorcinol. These fluorinated fluoresceins have higher photostability and ionize at a lower pH (pK(a) = 3.3-6.1) than fluorescein (pK(a) = 6.5). Some of the fluorinated fluoresceins have very high quantum yields (0.85-0.97), which, in combination with their lower pK(a)s and high photostability, makes them superior fluorescent dyes for use as reporter molecules in biological systems.
Fluorinated xanthene derivatives
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, (2008/06/13)
The family of dyes of the invention are fluoresceins and rhodols that are directly substituted on one or more aromatic carbons by fluorine. These fluorine-substituted fluorescent dyes possess greater photostability and have lower sensitivity to pH changes in the physiological range of 6-8 than do non-fluorinated dyes, exhibit less quenching when conjugated to a substance, and possess additional advantages. The dyes of the invention are useful as detectable tracers and for preparing conjugates of organic and inorganic substances.
