20201-82-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Mechanistic Insights into Catalytic Ethanol Steam Reforming Using Isotope-Labeled Reactants
Crowley, Stephen,Castaldi, Marco J.
, p. 10650 - 10655 (2016)
The low-temperature ethanol steam reforming (ESR) reaction mechanism over a supported Rh/Pt catalyst has been investigated using isotope-labeled EtOH and H2O. Through strategic isotope labeling, all nonhydrogen atoms were distinct from one another, and allowed an unprecedented level of understanding of the dominant reaction pathways. All combinations of isotope- and non-isotope-labeled atoms were detected in the products, thus there are multiple pathways involved in H2, CO, CO2, CH4, C2H4, and C2H6product formation. Both the recombination of C species on the surface of the catalyst and preservation of the C?C bond within ethanol are responsible for C2product formation. Ethylene is not detected until conversion drops below 100 % at t=1.25 h. Also, quantitatively, 57 % of the observed ethylene is formed directly through ethanol dehydration. Finally there is clear evidence to show that oxygen in the SiO2-ZrO2support constitutes 10 % of the CO formed during the reaction.
High Vibrational States of Carbon Monoxide in Liquid Argon: Overtone Intensity Enhancement and Reactions with Oxygen
Disselkamp, Robert,Ewing, George E.
, p. 6334 - 6339 (2007/10/02)
Isotopic carbon monoxide dissolved in liquid argon was optically pumped to the ν = 1 level by a CW CO laser.This energy spontaneously redistributes by collisional up-pumping to populate high vibrational levels in the (13)C(18)O isotope.Fluorescence from levels up to ν = 37 in the heavier isotope was observed from the steady-state distribution.First, second, and third overtone fluorescence from high vibrational levels in the (13)C(18)O isotope were observed.The result of populating high vibrational levels in the (13)C(18)O isotope has led to the discovery of two phenomena.First, a comparison of the intensity of high overtone fluorescence against calculated gas-phase intensities shows a pronounced fluorescence enhancement due to the liquid environment.Second, CO2 production was observed from an O2-doped CO solution resulting from pumping by the infrared laser.The mechanisms for liquid-state collisional up-pumping, fluorescence enhancement, and infrared photochemical production of CO2 are discussed.
