20317-32-2

Usage

Common uses

Surfactant and emulsifying agent in industrial and consumer products, ingredient in hair conditioners, fabric softeners, and disinfectants

Chemical class

Quaternary ammonium compound

Derivation

Mixture of fatty acids

Properties

Ability to lower the surface tension of liquids, required for emulsification and dispersion

Precautions

Skin and eye irritant, should be handled carefully

Upstream product

• 96042-14-7 Hexadecyl-dimethyl-[2-(4-nitro-phenylcarbamoyloxy)-ethyl]-ammonium; bromide 

Downstream Products

• 61095-52-1 [2-(2,4-Dinitro-phenoxy)-ethyl]-hexadecyl-dimethyl-ammonium 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Dependence of in vitro enzymic hydrolysis of alkyl(2-benzoyl-oxyethyl)dimethylammonium bromides on the alkyl length

Microsomal esterases were used in (he study of the m vitro enzymic hydrolysis of the ester bond in alkyl(2-benzoyloxyethyl)dimethylammonium bromides. These compounds are potential "soft" disinfectants, easily biodegradable to nontoxic biologically inactive hydrolytic products, namely substituted choline and benzoic acid. Formation of the latter product was used to monitor the kinetics of the reaction. It has been found that the rate of enzymic hydrolysis is substantially influenced by different length of the alkyl chain on the ammonium nitrogen. At the same time, interspecies (rat-mouse) and interorgan (liver-kidney) variability has been observed.

Trapping of the Intermediate Formed in the E1cB Hydrolysis of Some Alkyl and Aryl N-(4-Nitrophenyl)carbamates in a Hydroxy Functionalized Micelle

The basic hydrolyses of some alkyl and aryl N-(4-nitrophenyl)carbamates in the presence of micelles of cetyl(2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonium bromide (chedab) were studied.For compounds which react by the BAC2 mechanism, very similar results were obtained in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab) and in chedab micelles.However, for compounds which react by the E1cB mechanism, the intermediate p-nitrophenyl isocyanate was trapped by the hydroxy group of the functional micelle to form a new carbamate directly bound to the detergent molecules of the micelle.It was shownthat this new carbamate decomposed by a BAC2 mechanism. p-Nitrophenyl isocyanate added to an alkaline solution of chedab gave N-(4-nitrophenyl)carbamate ion.Thus, the isocyanate has to be generated within the micelle for trapping to occur.The rate of reaction of p-nitrophenyl isocyanate with OH-/H2O is faster than the rate of solubilization within the micelle.