21059-30-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Preparation method of phosphatidylglycerol monosodium salt containing two different side chains
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Paragraph 0077-0080; 0094-0098, (2020/05/05)
The invention belongs to the technical field of compound preparation. The invention relates to a preparation method of phosphatidylglycerol monosodium salt, in particular to a preparation method of phosphatidylglycerol monosodium salt containing two different side chains. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking D-mannitol as an initial raw material, heating D-mannitol in acetone to generate 1,1,5,6-isopropylidene-D-mannitol; carrying out sodium periodate oxidation and sodium borohydride reduction to obtain iso-propylidene glycerol; carrying out condensation reaction with fatty acid containing an R1 element, then removing acetal protective groups in the presence of acid; selectively protecting primary hydroxyl by using a silane protective agent, reacting secondary hydroxyl with another fatty acid containing a R2 element, removing silane protection, reacting the de-protected product with phosphorus oxychloride and iso-propylidene glycerol, removing acetal protectivegroups by using an acid, and finally carrying out a sodium salt treatment to obtain a final product. The synthesis of phosphatidyl monosodium salt containing two different side chains can be realized,and the production process is simple, environment-friendly and easy to operate.
Lipidomics characterization of biosynthetic and remodeling pathways of cardiolipins in genetically and nutritionally manipulated yeast cells
Tyurina, Yulia Y.,Lou, Wenjia,Qu, Feng,Tyurin, Vladimir A.,Mohammadyani, Dariush,Liu, Jenney,Huttemann, Maik,Frasso, Michael A.,Wip, Peter,Bayir, Hulya,Greenberg, MiriaM. L.,Kagan, Valerian E.
, p. 265 - 281 (2018/01/02)
Cardioipins (CLs) are unique tetra-acylated phospholipids of mitochondria and define the bioenergetics and regulatory functions of these organelles. An unresolved paradox is the high uniformity of CL molecular species (tetra-linoleoyl-CL) in the heart, liver, and skeletal muscles-in contrast to their high diversification in the brain. Here, we combined liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry-based phospholipidomics with genetic and nutritional manipulations to explore CLs' biosynthetic vs postsynthetic remodeling processes in S. cerevisiae yeast cells. By applying the differential phospholipidomics analysis, we evaluated the contribution of Cld1 (CL-specific phospholipase A) and Taz1 (acyl-transferase) as the major regulatory mechanisms of the remodeling process. We further established that nutritional "pressure" by high levels of free fatty acids triggered a massive synthesis of homoacylated molecular species in all classes of phospholipids, resulting in the preponderance of the respective homoacylated CLs. We found that changes in molecular speciation of CLs induced by exogenous C18-fatty acids (C18:1 and C18:2) in wild-type (wt) cells did not occur in any of the remodeling mutant cells, including cld1Δ, taz1Δ, and cld1Δtaz1Δ. Interestingly, molecular speciation of CLs in wt and double mutant cells cld1Δtaz1Δ was markedly different. Given that the bioenergetics functions are preserved in the double mutant, this suggests that the accumulated MLCL-rather than the changed CL speciation-are the likely major contributors to the mitochondrial dysfunction in taz1Δ mutant cells (also characteristic of Barth syndrome). Biochemical studies of Cld1 specificity and computer modeling confirmed the hydrolytic selectivity of the enzyme toward C16-CL substrates and the preservation of C18:1-containing CL species.
Parasitic wasp, Dinarmus basalis, utilizes oviposition-marking pheromone of host azuki bean weevils as host-recognizing kairomone
Kumazaki, Motonari,Matsuyama, Shigeru,Suzuki, Takahisa,Kuwahara, Yasumasa,Fujii, Koichi
, p. 2677 - 2695 (2007/10/03)
A host-recognizing kairomone responsible for the stinging behavior of the parasitic wasp, Dinarmus basalis, was studied. Fresh azuki beans coated with an acetone extract of the azuki beans, from which both emerged wasps and their host weevils were removed, elicited stinging behavior from female wasps. The kairomone is a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons and diacylglycerols, both of which are required for activity. The kairomone is composed of normal and methyl-branched hydrocarbons with carbon numbers ranging from 25 to 35, most of which are known as the hydrocarbon constituents of an oviposition-marking pheromone of the host azuki bean weevils, Callosobruchus chinensis. This indicates that D. basalis utilizes the oviposition-marking pheromone of its host weevils as a host-recognizing kairomone.
