2117-78-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Stereochemical nonrigidity and ligand dynamics in hypervalent tin(IV) compounds. Heteronuclear NMR and crystallographic studies of triorganoyltin(IV) and diorganoyltin(IV) complexes with dithiolate ligands
Dakternieks, Dainis,Zhu, Hongjian,Masi, Dante,Mealli, Carlo
, p. 3601 - 3606 (2008/10/08)
Tin-119, phosphorus-31, and carbon-13 NMR data have been used to examine the effective coordination spheres in dichloromethane solution of a series of triorganoyl- and diorganoyltin(IV) dithiolate compounds R3Sn(S-S) (where R = Ph, Me) and R2Sn(S-S)2 (where R = Ph, Me, nBu, tBu) for S-S = S2CNEt2, S2COEt, and S2P(OEt)2 as well as diorganoyltin(IV) dithiolate halide complexes R2SnX(S-S) (R = Ph; X = Cl, Br; and R = Me, nBu, tBu; X = Cl). For R3Sn(S-S) compounds only dithiocarbamate (S-S = S2CNEt2) seems to behave as an actual bidentate sulfur ligand whereas for other systems intramolecular monodentate-bidentate dithiolate exchange is rapid at room temperature, with the equilibrium favoring bidentate sulfur coordination at low temperature for some systems. The effectiveness of dithiolates as chelate ligands becomes more evident in R2Sn(S-S)2 and in R2SnCl(S-S) derivatives. There is evidence that the dithiocarbamate ligand in Ph2SnCl(S2CNEt2) is bidentate and that the compound is five coordinate and stereochemically rigid in solution at -100°C. A comparison of solid-state and solution NMR data indicates that in solution the dithiocarbamate ligand acts as a bidentate sulfur donor in Me2Sn(S2CNEt2)2 but only as a monodentate donor in tBu2Sn(S2CNEt2)2. The crystal structure of tBu2Sn(S2CNEt2)2 has been determined and is almost identical to the known structure of Me2Sn(S2CNEt2)2. In the structure of tBu2Sn(S2CNEt2)2 the Sn-S bond lengths are asymmetric (2.5 and 2.9 A?), but the overall stereochemistry suggests that the role of the two sulfur atoms of each chelate may be easily interchanged, possibly through a pseudooctahedral intermediate having the chelates symmetrically displaced. There is no evidence for any steric stress resulting from the tBu groups, and consequently electronic influences are invoked to explain observed differences in stereochemical nonrigidity for various hypervalent tin(IV) systems in solution. The crystal structures of tBu2SnCl(S2CNEt2) and Ph2SnCl(S2CNEt2) have also been determined, and in each case there is asymmetric coordination by the sulfur atoms of the dithiolate ligand to tin.
