2165-21-1Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis, performance, and thermal behavior of a novel insensitive EDNA/DAT Co-crystal
Hussein, Ahmed K.,Zeman, Svatopluk,Elbeih, Ahmed
, p. 430 - 437 (2018)
Due to the acidity and the limited applications of 1,4-dinitro-1,4-diazabutane (EDNA), a novel nitrogen rich energetic co-crystal based on EDNA and 1,5-diaminotetrazole (DAT) in a 1:2 molar ratio was synthesized. The formation of the co-crystal was tested by scanning electron microscope (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Based on the elemental analysis and the enthalpy of combustion obtained by the calorimetric bomb, the enthalpy of formation was calculated to be 196.9 kJ·mol–1. Sensitivity to impact was measured and 50 % probability of initiation was 9.7 J for the co-crystal. In addition, the detonation characteristics were predicted by EXPLO5 Code. The detonation velocity (D) and the detonation pres-sure (P) of the co-crystal are 8254.5 m·s–1 and 26.7 GPa, respectively. The thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of the co-crystal and the coformer were described using nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry/differential thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) techniques. There is an obvious difference between the thermal behavior of the co-crystal and the coformer. The activation energy of the co-crystal (125.3 kJ·mol–1) is lower than the coformer. The obtained co-crystal has high nitrogen content and acceptable sensitivity to external stimuli, which makes it promising for expanding the reuse of EDNA in ammunition after overcomeing its acidity problem.
Synthesis, Structure, and Energetic Properties of 1,5-Diaminotetrazolium Sulfate Salts
Qian, Yao,Han, Zhiyue,Zhang, Yinghao,Du, Zhiming,Zhao, Yan,Yang, Yuezhen,Zhang, Jingchang
, p. 651 - 657 (2016)
1,5-diaminotetrazolium chloride (DATC) and 1,5-diaminotetrazolium sulfate (DATS) were synthesized in this work. The structures of DATS and DATC were characterized. The single crystal of DATS was first cultured, and its structure was analyzed. The thermal behavior of DATS was investigated. The activation energy and pro-exponential factor were calculated, Ek = 120.86 KJ/mol, Ak = 1012.96 s-1. The density, heat of formation, detonation pressure, and detonation velocity of DATS were first calculated. The detonation pressure and detonation velocity of DATS are P = 11.877 GPa, D = 5.617 km s-1, which are smaller than those of 1,5-diaminotetrazolium nitrate (DATN) (P = 33.3GPa, D = 8.77 km s-1).
SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF 1,5-DIAMINOTETRAZOLE
Gaponik, P. N.,Karavai, V. P.
, p. 1388 - 1391 (1984)
An effective method was developed for preparation of 1,5-diaminotetrazole from thiosemicarbazide and sodium azide in the presence of lead(II) oxide and ammonium chloride in DMFA.Its physical properties and certain reactions were studied.
Energetic 1,5-diamino-4H-tetrazolium nitro-substituted azolates
Tao, Guo-Hong,Guo, Yong,Parrish, Damon A.,Shreeve, Jean'Ne M.
experimental part, p. 2999 - 3005 (2011/07/31)
1,5-Diaminotetrazole (DAT) is a fascinating component in the construction of high-energy-density materials because of its extremely high nitrogen content (～84%). Three DAT nitro-substituted azolate salts were synthesized and fully characterized by IR, NMR, elemental analysis, thermal stability, phase behavior, and density. 1,5-Diamino-4H-tetrazolium 5-nitrotetrazolate salt (2) crystallizes in the orthorhombic system Pbca. The detonation pressure (P) values calculated for these salts range from 28.05 to 29.88 GPa, and the detonation velocities (D) from 8343 to 8655 m s-1, which make them competitive energetic materials. Each of the compounds has an oxygen balance approaching zero (-23.8 to -33.5%). Their impact sensitivities were determined. The salts were compared using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of the nitro-substituted azolate anions. These CHNO-explosives, DAT nitro-substituted azolate salts, are potential green energetic materials which are obtained via a straightforward synthetic route. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
