2306-92-5Relevant articles and documents
Esterification of free fatty acids (Biodiesel) using nano sulfated-titania as catalyst in solvent-free conditions
Hosseini-Sarvari, Mona,Sodagar, Esmat
, p. 229 - 238 (2013/05/09)
Nano sulfated titania was tested as catalyst for esterification of free fatty acids, specially methanolic and ethanolic esterification of stearic acid (biodiesels). Factorial design evidenced a positive effect of reaction temperature, amount of catalyst, and solvents on ester conversion. This nano-sized sulfated titania has been prepared by a sol-gel hydrothermal process. This prepared sulfated titania showed high catalytic activity in direct esterification of fatty acids as well as benzoic acids with various alcohols and phenols under solvent-free conditions. This method is of great value because of its environmentally benign character, easy handling, high yields, convenient operation, and green. FT-IR studies are shown that the catalyst can be reused for acylation without loss of catalytic activity.
Covalently bound benzyl ligand promotes selective palladium-catalyzed oxidative esterification of aldehydes with alcohols
Liu, Chao,Tang, Shan,Zheng, Liwei,Liu, Dong,Zhang, Heng,Lei, Aiwen
supporting information; experimental part, p. 5662 - 5666 (2012/07/01)
It's a benzyl kind of magic: In the title reaction proceeding with benzyl chloride as the oxidant, the benzyl group serves as a carbon ligand, thus having an 3-coordination effect on palladium (see scheme). A variety of aldehydes and alcohols were selectively converted into the corresponding esters in good to excellent yields. Copyright
Use of water-in-oil microemulsions and gelatin-containing microemulsion-based gels for lipase-catalysed ester synthesis in organic solvents
Rees, G D,Jenta, T R J,Nascimento, M G,Catauro, M,Robinson, B H,et al.
, p. 30 - 34 (2007/10/02)
Chromobacterium viscosum (CV) lipase and lipoprotein lipase ex Pseudomonas have been solubilised in AOT water-in-oil microemulsions at two different R-values, and used to catalyse the lactonisation of 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid at 40 deg C.CV lipase has also been immobilised in gelatin-containing microemulsion-based gels (MBGs) with retention of catalytic activity.These lipase-containing MBGs prove to be novel solid-phase catalysts for use in apolar organic solvents.MBGs do not dissolve in their parent nor, oil, when pelletted, do they self-associate in the organicsolvent in which they are placed in contact.CV lipase-containing MBGs have been used to synthesise on a preparative scale, a variety of different esters under mild conditions and both regio- and stereoselective syntheses have been demonstrated.Lipase-containing MBGs have also been shown to effectively catalyse esterifications at temperatures as low as -20 deg C.
