230617-77-3Relevant articles and documents
Structural Biology-Guided Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Insect Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Orthosteric Modulators
Montgomery, Mark,Rendine, Stefano,Zimmer, Christoph T.,Elias, Jan,Schaetzer, Jürgen,Pitterna, Thomas,Benfatti, Fides,Skaljac, Marisa,Bigot, Aurélien
, p. 2297 - 2312 (2022/01/20)
The development of novel and safe insecticides remains an important need for a growing world population to protect crops and animal and human health. New chemotypes modulating the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have been recently brought to the agricultural market, yet with limited understanding of their molecular interactions at their target receptor. Herein, we disclose the first crystal structures of these insecticides, namely, sulfoxaflor, flupyradifurone, triflumezopyrim, flupyrimin, and the experimental compound, dicloromezotiaz, in a double-mutated acetylcholine-binding protein which mimics the insect-ion-channel orthosteric site. Enabled by these findings, we discovered novel pharmacophores with a related mode of action, and we describe herein their design, synthesis, and biological evaluation.
Novel and potent 6-chloro-3-pyridinyl ligands for the α4β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Latli, Bachir,D'Amour, Kevin,Casida, John E.
, p. 2227 - 2234 (2007/10/03)
1-[(6-Chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2-imidazolidine (1), the N-desnitro metabolite of the major insecticide imidacloprid, is known to have similar potency to that of (-)-nicotine as an inhibitor of [3H](-)-nicotine binding at the rat recombinant α4β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR); IC50 values in the present study are 3.8 nM for (-)-nicotine, 6.0 nM for 1, and 155 nM for imidacloprid. Synthesis of new analogues of 1, modified only in the heterocyclic moiety (five-, six-, or seven-membered rings with NH, S, O, and CH2 substituents), gave compounds varying from 4- fold higher potency (2-iminothiazole analogue 10) to > 6000-fold less active than (-)-nicotine. Other potent N-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl] compounds are those in which the heterocyclic imine is replaced with pyrrolidine (19) (IC50 9 nM) or trimethylammonium (22) (IC50 18 nM). A novel conversion of (-)-nicotine to its 6-chloro analogue increased the potency 2-fold. These 6- chloro-3-pyridinyl compounds are of interest as novel nAChR probes and potential metabolites of candidate insecticides.
