2373-93-5

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Eugenol is used as a medicinal compound in the pharmaceutical industry for its antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is commonly used in the formulation of drugs and medicines to enhance their therapeutic effects.
Used in Food Industry:
Eugenol is used as a flavor enhancer in the food industry due to its characteristic sweet, spicy scent. It is added to various food products to improve their taste and aroma.
Used in Dentistry:
Eugenol has been studied for its potential applications in dentistry as an analgesic and antiseptic. Its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties make it a promising candidate for use in dental treatments and products.

Upstream product

• 120-57-0 piperonal 
• 100-06-1 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone 
• 50479-31-7 1-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3-(4''-methoxyphenyl)propane 
• 1417658-61-7 5-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide 
• 64376-20-1 3-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-1-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-propenone 
• 29668-44-8 2,3-dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxin-6-carbaldehyde 
• 139-85-5 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde 

Downstream Products

• 1217356-26-7 5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-7-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione 
• 1217356-24-5 5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione 
• 1417658-44-6 C₂₇H₂₃N₃O₄S 
• 1417658-45-7 C₂₆H₂₀BrN₃O₃S 
• 1465270-13-6 C₂₀H₁₆O₃ 
• 1465270-31-8 C₂₇H₂₂O₅S 
• 175654-05-4 4-[5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzenesulphonamide 
• 1198088-71-9 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-one 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of Some 1,4,6-Trisubstituted-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitriles and Their Biological Evaluation as Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Agents

A series of novel 1,4,6-trisubstituted-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitriles supported with some functionalities reported to contribute to significant chemotherapeutic potential were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial and/or cytotoxic activities. Thirteen compounds exhibited cytotoxic potential against a panel of three human tumor cell lines. Compounds 15, 23, and 24 proved to be the most active agents with a broad spectrum of cytotoxic activity. Analog 24 was considered as the most active cytotoxic agent, being 2.5 times more active than doxorubicin against the colon HT29 carcinoma cell line. Seventeen compounds were able to exert a variable antimicrobial profile, among which analogs 15, 20, 21, 23, and 24 were prominently active. The highest antimicrobial potential was displayed by analog 24, being equipotent to ampicillin against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, together with a considerable antifungal activity comparable with clotrimazole. Collectively, compounds 15, 23, and 24 could be considered as possible dual antimicrobial-anticancer candidates. Novel substituted 2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitriles (A, B) and some derived 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]-pyridinones (C) were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Three analogs are possible dual antimicrobial-anticancer candidates.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of new pyrazolebenzene-sulphonamides as potential anticancer agents and hCA I and II inhibitors

Cancer is a disease characterized by the continuous growth of cells without adherence to the rules that healthy normal cells obey. Carbonic anhydrase I and II (CA I and CA II) inhibitors are used for the treatment of some diseases. The available drugs in the market have limitations or side effects, which bring about the need to develop new drug candidate compound(s) to overcome the problems at issue. In this study, new pyrazole-sulphonamide hybrid compounds 4-[5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-aryl-4,5-dihydro-1Hpyrazol- 1-yl]benzenesulphonamides (4a - 4j) were designed to discover new drug candidate compounds. The compounds 4a - 4j were synthesized and their chemical structures were confirmed using spectral techniques. The hypothesis tested was whether an introduction of methoxy and polymethoxy group(s) lead to an increased potency selectivity expression (PSE) value of the compound, which reflects cytotoxicity and selectivity of the compounds. The cytotoxicity of the compounds towards tumor cell lines were in the range of 6.7 - 400 μM. The compounds 4i (PSE2 = 461.5) and 4g (PSE1 = 193.2) had the highest PSE values in cytotoxicity assays. Ki values of the compounds were in the range of 59.8 ± 3.0 - 12.7 ± 1.7 nM towards hCA I and in the range of 24.1 ± 7.1 - 6.9 ± 1.5 nM towards hCA II. While the compounds 4b, 4f, 4g, and 4i showed promising cytotoxic effects, the compounds 4c and 4g had the inhibitory potency towards hCA I and hCA II, respectively. These compounds can be considered as lead compounds for further research.

Structural elucidation, bio-inspired synthesis, and biological activities of cyclic diarylpropanes from Horsfieldia kingii

Bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation on 70% aqueous acetone extracts of the twigs and leaves of Horsfieldia kingii led to the isolation of two novel cyclic diarylpropanes (1 and 2) bearing a 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene core, one new diarylpropane (3), six known diarylpropanes (4–9), one flavanol (10), and seven lignans (11–17). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis, electronic circular dichroism calculations, and X-ray diffraction crystallography. Moreover, a biomimetic synthesis of 1 and 2 were accomplished in four steps. The in vitro nitric oxide production inhibition tests of these compounds revealed that compounds (±)-2, (+)-2, (?)-2, and 10 were potential with IC50 values lower than 10 μM. Compound 2 could inhibit iNOS expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells at a series of non-cytotoxic concentrations (20 μM). Furthermore, the bioassay results also suggested the primary SARs of 1-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene based scaffold.

Discovery of new fluorescent thiazole–pyrazoline derivatives as autophagy inducers by inhibiting mTOR activity in A549 human lung cancer cells

A series of fluorescent thiazole–pyrazoline derivatives was synthesized and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. Biological evaluation demonstrated that these compounds could effectively inhibit the growt

The synthesis of 4,6-diaryl-2-pyridones and their bioactivation in CYP1 expressing breast cancer cells

As part of a programme to develop anticancer prodrugs which are activated by cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1, a library of 4,6-diaryl-2-pyridones was synthesised in yields of 6–60% from the corresponding chalcones. A number of these derivatives showed promising antiproliferative activities in human breast cancer cell lines which express CYP1B1 and CYP1A1, while showing little toxicity towards a non-tumour breast cell line with no CYP expression. Metabolism studies provided evidence supporting the involvement of CYP1 enzymes in the bioactivation of these compounds.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazoline-containing derivatives as potential tubulin assembling inhibitors

Abstract A series of novel pyrazoline-containing derivatives (15-47) has been designed, synthesized and evaluated for their biological activities. Among them, compound 18 displayed the most potent antiproliferative activity against A549, MCF-7 and HepG-2 cells line (IC50 Combining double low line 0.07 μM, 0.05 μM, 0.03 μM, respectively) and the tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity (IC50 Combining double low line 1.88 μM), being comparable to CA-4. Furthermore, we also tested that compound 18 was a potent inducer of apoptosis in HepG-2 cells and it had cellular effects typical for microtubule interacting agents, causing accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. These studies, along with molecular docking, provided a new molecular scaffold for the further development of antitumor agents that target tubulin.

Asymmetric total syntheses of megacerotonic acid and shimobashiric acid A

The asymmetric total syntheses of the α-benzylidene-γ-butyrolactone natural products megacerotonic acid and shimobashiric acid A have been accomplished in nine and 11 steps, respectively, from simple, commercially available starting materials. The key step for each synthesis is the (arene)RuCl(monosulfonamide)-catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution-asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (DKR-ATH) of racemic α,δ-diketo-β-aryl esters to establish the absolute stereochemistry. Intramolecular diastereoselective Dieckmann cyclization forms the lactone core, and ketone reduction/alcohol elimination installs the α-arylidene.

Antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of substituted chalcones focusing on an anti-tuberculosis dual treatment approach

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health problem aggravated by the emergence of M. tuberculosis (Mtb) strains resistant to multiple drugs (MDR). Delay in TB treatment, common in the MDR-TB cases, can lead to deleterious life-threatening inflammation in susceptible hyper-reactive individuals, encouraging the discovery of new anti-Mtb drugs and the use of adjunctive therapy based on anti-inflammatory interventions. In this study, a series of forty synthetic chalcones was evaluated in vitro for their anti-inflammatory and antimycobacterial properties and in silico for pharmacokinetic parameters. Seven compounds strongly inhibited NO and PGE2 production by LPS-stimulated macrophages through the specific inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression, respectively, with compounds 4 and 5 standing out in this respect. Four of the seven most active compounds were able to inhibit production of TNF-α and IL-1β. Chalcones that were not toxic to cultured macrophages were tested for antimycobacterial activity. Eight compounds were able to inhibit growth of the M. bovis BCG and Mtb H37Rv strains in bacterial cultures and in infected macrophages. Four of them, including compounds 4 and 5, were active against a hypervirulent clinical Mtb isolate as well. In silico analysis of ADMET properties showed that the evaluated chalcones displayed satisfactory pharmacokinetic parameters. In conclusion, the obtained data demonstrate that at least two of the studied chalcones, compounds 4 and 5, are promising antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory agents, especially focusing on an anti-tuberculosis dual treatment approach.

4,5-Dihydropyrazole derivatives containing oxygen-bearing heterocycles as potential telomerase inhibitors with anticancer activity

Telomere and telomerase were closely related to the occurrence and development of some cancers. After the key active site of telomerase was identified, to enhance the ability of dihydropyrazole derivatives to inhibit telomerase, we designed a series of novel 4,5-dihydropyrazole derivatives containing heterocyclic oxygen moiety based on previous studies. The telomerase inhibition assay showed that compound 10a displayed the most potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.6 μM for telomerase. The antiproliferative assay showed that 10a exhibited high activity against human gastric cancer cell SGC-7901 with an IC50 value of 10.95 ± 0.60 μM. Flow cytometric analysis and western blot results showed that 10a induced both apoptosis and autophagy. A docking simulation showed that 10a could bind well to the active site of telomerase and act as a telomerase inhibitor. The 3D-QSAR model was also built to provide a more pharmacological understanding that could be used to design new agents with more potent telomerase inhibitory activity.

One-pot synthesis of multifunctionalized cyclopropanes

A facile one-step synthetic protocol toward multifunctionalized cyclopropanes 4 is developed from substituted chalcones 1 and sulfones 2 in good yields via a [2C+1C] annulation.