24155-32-6

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-ethanone is used as an antifungal agent for the treatment of various fungal infections such as yeast infections, ringworm, jock itch, and athlete's foot. It is effective due to its ability to disrupt the synthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of the fungal cell membrane, leading to the weakening and death of the fungus.
Used in Topical Medications:
Clotrimazole is used as a key ingredient in topical medications such as creams and ointments for the treatment of skin infections caused by fungi. Its antifungal properties help in reducing inflammation, itching, and other symptoms associated with fungal infections.
Used in Oral Medications:
1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-ethanone is also used in the form of troches for oral use, providing an alternative route of administration for treating fungal infections in the mouth and throat.
Overall, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-ethanone, or Clotrimazole, is a widely used and effective medication in the pharmaceutical industry for the treatment of fungal infections, offering various forms of administration to cater to different patient needs.

InChI:InChI=1/C11H9ClN2O/c12-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)11(15)7-14-6-5-13-8-14/h1-6,8H,7H2

Upstream product

• 288-32-4 1H-imidazole 
• 536-38-9 4-chlorobenzoylmethyl bromide 
• 176382-47-1 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-imidazolyl)-1-ethanone 
• 99-91-2 para-chloroacetophenone 
• 937-20-2 p-chlorophenacyl chloride 

Downstream Products

• 114372-39-3 trans-5-<(4-chlorophenoxy)methyl>-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-<(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl>-2-methylisoxazolidine 
• 114372-38-2 cis-5-<(4-chlorophenoxy)methyl>-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-<(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl>-2-methylisoxazolidine 
• 119393-45-2 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-methylethanimine N-oxide 
• 115797-11-0 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)ethanimine N-oxide 
• 104080-58-2 cis- and trans-2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-<(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl>-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol 
• 178172-70-8 (±)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethanol 
• 72502-54-6 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethanone oxime 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

New Anti-Seizure (Arylalkyl)azole Derivatives: Synthesis, In Vivo and In Silico Studies

(Arylalkyl)azoles are a class of antiepileptic compounds including nafimidone, denzimol, and loreclezole (LRZ). Nafimidone and denzimol are thought to inhibit voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and enhance γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated response. LRZ, a positive allosteric modulator of A-type GABA receptors (GABAARs), was reported to be sensitive to Asn265 of the β2/β3 subunit. Here, we report new N-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylidene]hydroxylamine esters showing anticonvulsant activity in animal models, including the 6-Hz psychomotor seizure test, a model for therapy-resistant partial seizure. We performed molecular docking studies for our active compounds using GABAAR and VGSC homology models. They predicted high affinity to the benzodiazepine binding site of GABAAR in line with the experimental results. Also, the binding mode and interactions of LRZ in its putative allosteric binding site of GABAAR is elucidated.

Imidazolylacetophenone oxime-based multifunctional neuroprotective agents: Discovery and structure-activity relationships

Alzheimer's disease (AD) possesses a complex pathogenetic mechanism. Nowadays, multitarget agents are considered to have potential in effectively treating AD via triggering molecules in functionally complementary pathways at the same time. Here, based on the screening (～1400 compounds) against neuroinflammation, an imidazolylacetophenone oxime ether (IOE) was discovered as a novel hit. In order to obtain SARs, a series of imidazolylacetophenone oxime derivatives were constructed, and their C=N bonds were confirmed as the Z configuration by single crystals. These derivatives exhibited potential multifunctional neuroprotective effects including anti-neuroin?ammatory, antioxidative damage, metal-chelating, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) properties. Among these derivatives, compound 12i displayed the most potent inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production with EC50 value of 0.57 μM 12i can dose-dependently suppress the expression of iNOS and COX-2 but not change the expression of HO-1 protein. Moreover, 12i exhibited evidently neuroprotective effects on H2O2-induced PC12 cells damage and ferroptosis without cytotoxicity at 10 μM, as well as selectively metal chelating properties via chelating Cu2+. In addition, 12i showed a mixed-type inhibitory effect on AChE in vitro. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) analysis indicated that dioxolane groups on benzene ring and rigid oxime ester can improve the activity. Parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) also verified that 12i can overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Overall, this is the ?rst report on imidazolylacetophenone oxime-based multifunctional neuroprotective effects, suggesting that this type of compounds might be novel multifunctional agents against AD.

Novel BuChE-IDO1 inhibitors from sertaconazole: Virtual screening, chemical optimization and molecular modeling studies

In our effort towards the identification of novel BuChE-IDO1 dual-targeted inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), sertaconazole was identified through a combination of structure-based virtual screening followed by MM-GBSA rescoring. Preliminary chemical optimization was performed to develop more potent and selective sertaconazole analogues. In consideration of the selectivity and the inhibitory activity against target proteins, compounds 5c and 5d were selected for the next study. Further modification of compound 5c led to the generation of compound 10g with notably improved selectivity towards BuChE versus AChE. The present study provided us with a good starting point to further design potent and selective BuChE-IDO1 inhibitors, which may benefit the treatment of late stage AD.

BuChE-IDO1 inhibitor as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention relates to the field of medicines, and particularly discloses a BuChE-IDO1 inhibitor as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The 7-chlorine-3-substituted benzothiophene part of sertaconazole is chemically modified, the influence of the 7-chlorine-3-substituted benzothiophene part of sertaconazole on the in-vitro inhibitory activity of AChE, BuChE and IDO1 is explored, the target compound is further optimized, and the technical problems that an existing BuChE-IDO1 inhibitor is poor in pertinence and safety are solved. What is explored is that an appropriate substituent group introduced to a 2-benzothiazole ring can form additional interaction with surrounding amino acids and heme iron, so that the binding affinity of the analogue with BuChE and IDO1 is increased, and a new idea is broadened for more efficient and targeted treatment of advanced AD diseases.

One pot synthesis of α-N-heteroaryl ketone derivatives from aryl ketones using aqueous NaICl2

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of α-heteroaryl ketones from aryl ketones and amine using aqueous sodium dichloroiodate is established. This method is mild, operationally simple, has a short reaction time, and easy workup procedure to afford the corresponding α-N-heteroaryl ketone derivatives in moderate to good yield.

Diaryl-containing imidazole compound and preparation method and medical application thereof

The invention discloses a diaryl-containing imidazole compound. The invention further discloses application of the diaryl-containing imidazole compound to preparation of drugs for preventing or treating Alzheimer's disease. The inventor screens butyrylcholine esterase and IDO1 as carriers for inhibiting the activity to evaluate the effect of the diaryl imidazole compound to treat Alzheimer's disease, and finds that the diaryl imidazole compound has good in vitro activity, and can be further developed as a precursor substance for performing the Alzheimer's disease resistant effect by inhibitingthe activity of cholinesterase. (The formula is shown in the description).

New azole derivatives showing antimicrobial effects and their mechanism of antifungal activity by molecular modeling studies

Azole antifungals are potent inhibitors of fungal lanosterol 14α demethylase (CYP51) and have been used for eradication of systemic candidiasis clinically. Herein we report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of 1-phenyl/1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethanol esters. Many of these derivatives showed fungal growth inhibition at very low concentrations. Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 15 was 0.125?μg/mL against Candida albicans. Additionally, some of our compounds, such as 19 (MIC: 0.25?μg/mL), were potent against resistant C.?glabrata, a fungal strain less susceptible to some first-line antifungal drugs. We confirmed their antifungal efficacy by antibiofilm test and their safety against human monocytes by cytotoxicity assay. To rationalize their mechanism of action, we performed computational analysis utilizing molecular docking and dynamics simulations on the C.?albicans and C.?glabrata CYP51 (CACYP51 and CGCYP51) homology models we built. Leu130 and T131 emerged as possible key residues for inhibition of CGCYP51 by 19.

Substituted imidazole-1-vinyl compound and use thereof

The invention relates to a substituted imidazole-1-ethylene compound as well as a preparation and an application thereof. The substituted imidazole-1-ethylene compound is a compound shown as a formula I, or salts thereof formed with medicinal acids or bases. According to the antifungal activity test performed on eight clinical fungi by the compound provided in the invention, a good fungus killing effect is achieved. The compound can serve as a novel broad-spectrum antifungal activity compound and is developed into antifungal medicines, disinfectants or feed additives.

Discovery of in vitro antitubercular agents through in silico ligand-based approaches

The development of new anti-tubercular agents represents a constant challenge mostly due to the insurgency of resistance to the currently available drugs. In this study, a set of 60 molecules were selected by screening the Asinex and the ZINC collections and an in house library by means of in silico ligand-based approaches. Biological assays in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra ATCC 25177 strain highlighted (±)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (5i) and 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,4-dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpyrazolo[1.5-a]pyrimidin-7(4H)-one (42) as the most potent compounds, having a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 4 and 2 μg/4g/mL respectively. These molecules represent a good starting point for further optimization of effective anti-TB agents.

Structural basis for rational design of inhibitors targeting Trypanosoma cruzi Sterol 14α-demethylase: Two regions of the enzyme molecule potentiate its inhibition

Chagas disease, which was once thought to be confined to endemic regions of Latin America, has now gone global, becoming a new worldwide challenge with no cure available. The disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which depends on the production of endogenous sterols, and therefore can be blocked by sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) inhibitors. Here we explore the spectral binding parameters, inhibitory effects on T. cruzi CYP51 activity, and antiparasitic potencies of a new set of β-phenyl imidazoles. Comparative structural characterization of the T. cruzi CYP51 complexes with the three most potent inhibitors reveals two opposite binding modes of the compounds ((R)-6, EC50 = 1.2 nM, vs (S)-2/(S)-3, EC50 = 1.0/5.5 nM) and suggests the entrance into the CYP51 substrate access channel and the heme propionate-supporting ceiling of the binding cavity as two distinct areas of the protein that enhance molecular recognition and therefore could be used for the development of more effective antiparasitic drugs.