242138-07-4 Usage
Description
Omalizumab, also known as Xolair, is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody engineered to treat allergic asthma. It is a construct of murine IgG1k monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to free, circulating serum IgE, thereby inhibiting the binding of IgE to the high-affinity IgE-receptor (FcεRI) on the surface of mast cells and basophils. This interaction leads to a reduction in the release of mediators responsible for the allergic response. Omalizumab is produced through a Chinese hamster ovary cell suspension culture in a nutrient medium containing gentamicin and is administered subcutaneously every 2 or 4 weeks.
Uses
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Omalizumab is used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of atopic diseases, particularly allergic asthma and rhinitis. It functions by forming complexes with free IgE, reducing the degree of release of mediators of the allergic response and providing relief from symptoms.
Used in Asthma Treatment:
Omalizumab is used as an add-on therapy for patients with inhaled corticosteroid-dependent (ICS) asthma. It has been shown to significantly reduce steroid dosage and the frequency of exacerbations during steroid withdrawal phase, allowing more patients to discontinue their ICS use compared to the placebo group.
Used in Allergy Management:
Omalizumab is used as a treatment option for patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis, helping to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life for those affected by this condition.
Brand Name:
Xolair (Genentech)
Originator
Genentech (US)
Mechanism of action
Additional amino acid
sequences have been incorporated into the antibody so that a humanized product resulted that
only differs by 5% nonhuman amino acid residues.
In vitro, omalizumab has been shown to complex with free IgE, forming trimers consisting of a 2:1
complex of IgE to omalizumab or a 1:2 complex of IgE to omalizumab. In addition, larger
complexes also are formed, consisting of a 3:3 ratio of each. Omalizumab does not
bind to IgE already bound to mast cells and, therefore, does not cause the degranulation that
might be expected from such interaction. Thus, omalizumab effectively neutralizes free IgE and,
aside from the obvious decrease of available IgE, also causes the down-regulation of FcεRI
receptors on the mast cell surface, resulting in a decrease of IgE bound to the mast cell.
Pharmacokinetics
The bioavailability after subcutaneous administration is 62%, with slow absorption resulting in
peak serum levels in 7 to 8 days from a single dose. Steady-state plasma concentration is
reached in 14 to 29 days with multiple dosing regimens. The elimination of omalizumab is not
clearly understood; however, studies have determined that intact IgE is excreted via the bile and
that omalizumab:IgE complexes are cleared faster than uncomplexed omalizumab and slower than
free IgE. This means that over time, total IgE concentrations (free and complexed IgE) increase,
because the complex is cleared more slowly. The metabolism of omalizumab is not known, and
the clearance of the complex is similar to the liver elimination of another immunoglobulin, IgG.
The reticuloendothelial system degrades IgG, and it is believed that the same process occurs for
the omalizumab:IgE complex.
Clinical Use
The clinical role for omalizumab is in the treatment of allergic asthma. It is approved for the
treatment of adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older whose symptoms are not
controlled with inhaled glucocorticoids and who have a positive skin test for airborne allergens.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 242138-07-4 includes 9 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 6 digits, 2,4,2,1,3 and 8 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 0 and 7 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 242138-07:
(8*2)+(7*4)+(6*2)+(5*1)+(4*3)+(3*8)+(2*0)+(1*7)=104
104 % 10 = 4
So 242138-07-4 is a valid CAS Registry Number.