24261-46-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Photochemistry of vinclozolin in water and methanol-water solution
Schick,Moza,Hustert,Kettrup
, p. 1116 - 1122 (2007/10/03)
The photolysis of the fungicide vinclozolin in aqueous and methanol- water (50+50 by volume) solution has been examined. Irradiation at λ=254nm for 10 minutes resulted in 2 moiety takes place, and one or both the chlorine atoms are replaced by a methoxy group.
Kinetics and Mechanisms of Hydrolysis of Dicarboximide Fungicides in Micellar Media
Villedieu, Jean C.,Savignac, Alain de,Calmon, Jean P.
, p. 1948 - 1953 (2007/10/03)
The kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of the dicarboximide fungicides procymidone, iprodione, vinclozolin, and chlozolinate (1-4, respectively) were investigated in micellar solutions containing various amounts of either sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), or three nonionic surfactants (two C13 alcohols and a copra amine combined with ethoxyl chains) and compared with the kinetics in aqueous media.For all compounds, the rate constants observed are slightly reduced by the SDS micellar media, showing that reactions essentially take place in the aqueous pseudophase.The CTAB micellar media speed up the hydrolysis rates with small quantities of Br- ions in the medium.As the number of Br- ions increases, the rate of reactions falls.This is characteristic of an ion exchange (OH- and Br-) at the surface of the CTAB micelles.Finally, the presence of nonionic micelles has little influence on the hydrolysis of the fungicides: the reduction in the rate of dicarboximide ring opening is attributed to micelle-substrate association.These results can be explained by means of the pseudophase kinetic model coupled with the mechanisms of hydrolysis of these fungicides in water solution.Keywords: Dicarboximide fungicide; surfactant; mechanisms of hydrolysis
Mechanisms of Dicarboximide Ring Opening in Aqueous Media: Procymidone, Vinclozolin and Chlozolinate
Villedieu, Jean C.,Calmon, Michelle,Calmon, Jean P.
, p. 105 - 116 (2007/10/03)
The hydrolysis kinetics of the dicarboximide fungicides procymidone, vinclozin and chlozolinate in neutral and alkaline solutions of pH 6.0 to 13.7 at 25 deg C have been determined conjointly by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and by high performance liquid
