2445-41-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of aryl carbamates via copper-catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with potassium cyanate
Yang, Xinye,Zhang, Yihua,Ma, Dawei
supporting information, p. 2443 - 2446,4 (2020/08/31)
Coupling of aryl halides with potassium cyanate takes place at 100-110 °C in alcohols under the catalysis of CuI (cuprous iodide) and 2-(2,6-dimethylphenylamino)-2-oxoacetic acid, affording the corresponding aryl carbamates with great diversity. Copyright
Reactions of Aryl Isocyanates with Alcohols
Bacaloglu, R.,Cotarca, L.,Marcu, N.,Toelgyi, St.
, p. 428 - 434 (2007/10/02)
The reaction of aryl isocyanates with alcohols has been kinetically studied as a model reaction for polyurethane formation under conditions similar to those of industrial scale production.Considering the isocyanate and alcohol structure, kinetic isotopic effect, activation enthalpy and entropy and solvent effects it has been found that the most probable mechanism is the alcohol addition through a four-membered cyclic transition state.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Isocyanate Reactions. II. Reactions of Aryl Isocyanates with Alcohols in the Presence of Tertiary Amines
Bacaloglu, R.,Cotarca, L.,Marcu, N.,Toelgyi, St.
, p. 530 - 540 (2007/10/02)
The reaction of phenyl isocyanate with n-butanol in the presence of tertiary amines has been kinetically studied as a model process for the polyurethane formation under conditions similar to those of industrial scale production.The rate-determining step is belived to be the nucleophilic attack of tertiary amine on an associate of isocyanate with alcohol which is then converted into a very reactive uronium salt.This salt reacts fast with alcohol giving the final product, the urethane.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Isocyanate Reactions. III. Reactions of Aryl Isocyanates with Alcohols in the Presence of Organotin Compounds
Bacaloglu, R.,Cotarca, L.,Marcu, N.,Toelgyi, St.
, p. 541 - 548 (2007/10/02)
A comparative kinetic study for the reaction of aryl isocyanates with alcohols in the presence of organotin compounds has been performed.It has been found that the transfer of an alkoxide ion from tin to isocyanate is the rate-determining step.This transfer occurs within a complex formed in two rapid preequilibrium processes between either tin compounds and alcohol or isocyanate, respectively.
