28038-02-0Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of the Trypanosomatid Metabolites Trypanothione, and N1-Mono- and N8-Mono-glutathionylspermidine
Henderson, Graeme B.,Ulrich, Peter,Fairlamb, Alan H.,Cerami, Anthony
, p. 593 - 594 (1986)
The trypanosomatid metabolite trypanothione 1,N8-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine> and its biosynthetic co-metabolites the isomeric N1- and N8-mono-glutathionylspermidines have been synthesised by a mild route whic
Ni2 +-activated glyoxalase i from Escherichia coli: Substrate specificity, kinetic isotope effects and evolution within the βαβββ superfamily
Mullings, Kadia Y.,Sukdeo, Nicole,Suttisansanee, Uthaiwan,Ran, Yanhong,Honek, John F.
experimental part, p. 133 - 140 (2012/06/30)
The Escherichia coli glyoxalase system consists of the metalloenzymes glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II. Little is known regarding Ni 2 +-activated E. coli glyoxalase I substrate specificity, its thiol cofactor preference, the presence or absence of any substrate kinetic isotope effects on the enzyme mechanism, or whether glyoxalase I might catalyze additional reactions similar to those exhibited by related βαβ ββ structural superfamily members. The current investigation has shown that this two-enzyme system is capable of utilizing the thiol cofactors glutathionylspermidine and trypanothione, in addition to the known tripeptide glutathione, to convert substrate methylglyoxal to non-toxic d-lactate in the presence of Ni2 + ion. E. coli glyoxalase I, reconstituted with either Ni2 + or Cd2 +, was observed to efficiently process deuterated and non-deuterated phenylglyoxal utilizing glutathione as cofactor. Interestingly, a substrate kinetic isotope effect for the Ni 2 +-substituted enzyme was not detected; however, the proton transfer step was observed to be partially rate limiting for the Cd 2 +-substituted enzyme. This is the first non-Zn 2 +-activated GlxI where a metal ion-dependent kinetic isotope effect using deuterium-labelled substrate has been observed. Attempts to detect a glutathione conjugation reaction with the antibiotic fosfomycin, similar to the reaction catalyzed by the related superfamily member FosA, were unsuccessful when utilizing the E. coli glyoxalase I E56A mutein.