28523-86-6 Usage
Description
Sevoflurane is a rapidly acting, potent inhalation anesthetic with rapid uptake and elimination. It is a halogenated ether with anesthetic properties, enhancing the activity of GABAA and glycine receptors while inhibiting the activity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and glutamate receptors. Sevoflurane is a volatile, nonpungent, nonflammable, and nonexplosive liquid with a boiling point of 58.6°C. It is used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia and is also utilized in veterinary medicine.
Uses
Used in General Anesthesia:
Sevoflurane is used as an inhalational anesthetic for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It is favored for its rapid onset and offset, making it suitable for various surgical procedures.
Used in Pediatric Anesthesia:
Sevoflurane is used as an inhalational anesthetic for anesthesia in children and infants, helping to induce sleep and ensure a smooth surgical process.
Used in Veterinary Medicine:
Sevoflurane is employed in veterinary medicine as an inhalational anesthetic for various procedures in animals.
Used as an Antibacterial:
Sevoflurane, specifically its compound 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)propane, has antibacterial properties and inhibits the activation of inflammatory neutrophil and granulocyte in human blood during simulated extracorporeal circulation.
Used in Anesthesia with CO2 Absorbents:
Sevoflurane is used in anesthesia in conjunction with CO2 absorbents, although it is important to monitor the temperature and duration of exposure to minimize the formation of potentially toxic breakdown products.
Originator
Baxter (USA)
Manufacturing Process
164 g (2.31 mole) of chlorine is slowly bubbled into a flask containing 370 g
(2.03 mole) of methyl 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl ether illuminated with a
250 watt incandescent lamp, starting at room temperature. The product is
washed with a potassium carbonate solution until neutral, dried over MgSO4
and vacuum distilled to yield 304 g (1.5 mole) of chloromethyl 1,1,1,3,3,3-
hexafluoroisopropyl ether (chloromethyl 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl
ether), boiling point 78°C.A solution of chloromethyl 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl ether (754 g, 3.49
moles) in dry tetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide (203 g, 3,49 moles) were stirred
and heated to 130°C in a creased flask fitted with a fractional distillation
assembly. A distillate (200 ml), b748 56.0° to 62°C, was collected during 5 h.
Then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, dry potassium
fluoride (100 g, 1.74 moles) was added, and the cycle of operations was
repeated 3 times at temperatures between 138° to 185°C to give distillates
(100 ml, 100 ml and 50 ml), b746 58° to 61°C, 55.5° to 57°C, and 54.2° to
55.9°C, respectively. From this portionwise addition of potassium fluoride (503
g, 8.7 moles) there was obtained distillates totalling 672 g, b746 54.2° to
62.0°C, which by GLC analysis was about 92% fluoromethyl and 6.8%
chloromethyl 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl ether.Fractional distillation of 659 g gave a forerun (46 g), b745 53.5° to 57.0°C,
and then 99.6% pure fluoromethyl 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl ether (505
g), b745 57.0° to 57.7°C.
Therapeutic Function
Anesthetic
Biological Functions
Sevoflurane (Ultane) is the most recently introduced inhalation
anesthetic. It has low tissue and blood solubility,
which allows for rapid induction and emergence and
makes it useful for outpatient and ambulatory procedures.
It has the advantage of not being pungent, a characteristic
that permits a smooth inhalation induction,
and is particularly useful in pediatric anesthesia.
Hypotension is produced by sevoflurane as systemic
vasodilation occurs and cardiac output decreases. Since
it does not directly produce tachycardia, it is a useful alternative
to consider in patients with myocardial ischemia.
However, a concern for reflex-induced tachycardia
remains.
Sevoflurane undergoes hepatic biotransformation
(about 3% of the inhaled dose), and it is somewhat degraded
by conventional CO2 absorbents. The degradation
product from the absorbent has been reported to
be nephrotoxic, although the report is controversial and
not substantiated by more recent studies. Sevoflurane’s
actions on skeletal muscle and on vascular regulation
within the CNS are similar to those described for the
other halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics.
Clinical Use
Sevoflurane has been shown to cause epileptic changeson EEGs and case reports of seizures during surgery, especiallyin children, have been reported.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Sevoflurane may be useful in a variety of species when rapid induction
and/or rapid recoveries are desired with an inhalational
anesthetic.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 28523-86-6 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 2,8,5,2 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 6 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 28523-86:
(7*2)+(6*8)+(5*5)+(4*2)+(3*3)+(2*8)+(1*6)=126
126 % 10 = 6
So 28523-86-6 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C4H3F7O/c5-1-12-2(3(6,7)8)4(9,10)11/h2H,1H2
28523-86-6Relevant articles and documents
Novel green and environment-friendly process applied to sevoflurane production
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Paragraph 0026-0039, (2022/01/20)
The invention discloses a novel green and environment-friendly process applied to sevoflurane production, which is characterized in that hexafluoroisopropyl methyl ether and fluorine gas are subjected to substitution reaction to generate sevoflurane, and the reaction is carried out in a micro-channel reactor. The process comprises the steps: synchronously pumping hexafluoroisopropyl methyl ether and fluorine gas into two inlets of the microreactor unit through a metering pump respectively; enabling the mixture to pass through a layer of nickel base material and then enter a micro-channel mixer for mixing and reaction; and finally, entering a collecting tank through the nickel base material and an outlet of the microreactor unit. The sevoflurane product produced by the reactor is stable in quality, the production process is green and environment-friendly, the reaction process is easy to control, and the reactor is suitable for industrial production.
Production of fluormethyl 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl ether
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Paragraph 0039-0042, (2015/09/28)
A process for removing water from a mixture comprising hydrogen fluoride and water, said process comprising: a) providing a mixture comprising hydrogen fluoride and water; and b) removing water from the mixture as a constant boiling mixture with hydrogen fluoride.
PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF SEVOFLURANE
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Paragraph 0027, (2013/03/26)
The present invention provides a method for forming sevoflurane comprising (i) combining chlorosevo ether, a nucleophilic fluoride reagent, and a solvent comprising sevoflurane to form an initial reaction mixture and (ii) reacting the initial reaction mixture to form additional sevoflurane relative to the amount of sevoflurane present in the initial reaction mixture. The present disclosure is also directed to a method for forming sevoflurane, comprising: initiating a reaction between chlorosevo ether and a nucleophilic fluoride reagent in an initial reaction mixture further comprising a solvent comprising sevoflurane, thereby forming additional sevoflurane relative to the amount of sevoflurane present in the initial reaction mixture.
