3021-02-1

Usage

Uses

Used in Propellants and Explosives Industry:
5,5'-Bis-1H-tetrazole diammonium salt is used as a high-energy density material for its exceptional stability and heat of formation, which are crucial for the performance of propellants and explosives.
Used in Pyrotechnic Compositions:
In the pyrotechnic industry, 5,5'-Bis-1H-tetrazole diammonium salt is utilized for its high thermal stability and low sensitivity to impact and friction, ensuring reliable and safe pyrotechnic effects.
Used in Military and Aerospace Applications:
5,5'-Bis-1H-tetrazole diammonium salt is employed in military and aerospace due to its high energy content and stability, which are essential for advanced propulsion systems and explosive devices in these sectors.
Used in Research and Development:
5,5'-Bis-1H-tetrazole diammonium salt is also used in research for the development of new materials and technologies that require high-energy compounds with specific stability and sensitivity characteristics.

Upstream product

• 2783-98-4 5,5'-bi-1H-tetrazole 

Downstream Products

• 240822-34-8 monoammonium 5,5’-bistetrazolate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Nitrogen-rich 5,5′-bistetrazolates and their potential use in propellant systems: A comprehensive study

A large variety of twice-deprotonated nitrogen-rich 5,5′- bistetrazolates, that is, the ammonium (1), hydrazinium (2), hydroxylammonium (3), guanidinium (4), aminoguanidinium (5), diaminoguanidinium (6), triaminoguanidinium (7), and diaminouronium (8) salts, have been synthesized. Energetic compounds 1-8 were fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (except 8), NMR spectroscopy, IR and Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. With respect to their potential use in propellant applications, the sensitivity towards impact, friction, and electrical discharge were determined. Several propulsion and detonation parameters (e.g., heat of explosion, detonation velocity) were computed by using the EXPLO5 computer code based on calculated (CBS-4M) heats of formation and X-ray densities. Additionally, the performance of 1-8 in various formulations was investigated by calculating the specific energy and specific impulse of the compounds under isochoric conditions. The thrust generation: The synthesis and complete characterization of a series of nitrogen-rich salts of 5,5′-bistetrazole gave promising materials with potential applications in novel propellant systems (see figure). In addition to their good thermal and chemical stability, the high nitrogen content leads to good N2/CO ratios when combusted, which is desirable to avoid environmental and corrosion problems. Copyright

Synthesis and characterisation of 5, 5′-bistetrazolate salts with alkali metal, ammonium and imidazolium cations

We report on the synthesis and characterisation of the alkali metal 5, 5'-bistetrazolate (BT2-) salts Li2BT (1), Na2BT (2), K2BT (3), Rb2BT (4) and Cs2BT (5) as well as the mono ammonium (9) and the mono (10) and bis(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium) (11) salts of 5, 5'-bistetrazole. The crystal structures of the hydrates of the alkali metal salts (1h-4h) and hydrate free (9) to (11) are presented. Additionally we present structures of the monocaesium 5, 5'-bistetrazolate (6) and alternative modifications of the known salts barium (7h) and diammonium (8) 5, 5'-bistetrazolate. Among the presented compounds are the first reversibly melting 5, 5'-bistetrazolate salts (10, 11) and also the first ionic liquid on the basis of 5, 5'-bistetrazole (11). All substances were investigated by NMR and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and combined TGA/DSC measurements. Corresponding to our main motive, the evaluation of the coordination behaviour of 5, 5'-bistetrazole, we give a short summary of the metal 5, 5'-bistetrazole salts structurally characterised so far. Copyright

Process for the preparation of 5,5'-bi-1H-tetrazole salt

A process for the preparation of a 5,5'-bi-1H-tetrazole diammonium salt by dropwisely adding the aqueous hydrogen peroxide to which a small amount of weakly acidic substance has been added, to a starting aqueous solution containing hydrogen cyanide or sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide, sodium azide and a catalytic amount of copper sulfate preferably at a low temperature to maintain the pH of the reaction solution over a range of from 5 to 6, heating the reaction solution to effect the oxidation and cyclization reaction, reacting the reaction product with ammonium chloride or an aqueous solution thereof, and recovering the formed ammonium salt in the form of sparingly soluble crystals. The desired product is obtained in a high yield and in a high purity from the starting materials which are cheaply available and are easy to handle through a decreased number of steps, i.e., through a one-pot reaction without requiring cumbersome after-treatment.

Process for the preparation of a 5,5'-bi-1H-tetrazole salt

A process for the preparation of a 5,5'-bi-1H-tetrazole diammonium salt by dropwisely adding the aqueous hydrogen peroxide to which a small amount of weakly acidic substance has been added, to a starting aqueous solution containing hydrogen cyanide or sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide, sodium azide and a catalytic amount of copper sulfate preferably at a low temperature to maintain the pH of the reaction solution over a range of from 5 to 6, heating the reaction solution to effect the oxidation and cyclization reaction, reacting the reaction product with ammonium chloride or an aqueous solution thereof, and recovering the formed ammonium salt in the form of sparingly soluble crystals. The desired product is obtained in a high yield and in a high purity from the starting materials which are cheaply available and are easy to handle through a decreased number of steps, i.e., through a one-pot reaction without requiring cumbersome after-treatment.