31293-07-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
REACTION OF α-HALOGENO- AND α-NITROANTHRAQUINONES WITH THE ANIONS OF CH ACIDS. II. PERI-CYCLIZATION IN THE REACTION WITH NITRILES
Gorelik, M. V.,Titova, S. P.,Kanor, M. A.
, p. 1858 - 1864 (2007/10/02)
As a result of hydrolysis of the nitrile group and cyclization 1-cyanomethylanthraquinones, obtained from 1-halogeno- or 1-nitroanthraquinones and cyanoacetic ester and phenylacetonitrile, are transformed into 3-substituted 2-hydroxy-7H-dibenzoquinolin-7-ones.Derivatives of the underscribed anthradipyridine were obtained from 1,5-bis(cyanomethylanthraquinones.The reaction of 1-halogeno- or 1-nitroanthraquinones with excess of malonitrile and cyanoacetic ester in the presence of potassium hydroxide in a polar aprotic solvent gave high yields of 2-amino-1,3-dicyano- and 2-amino-1,3-diethoxycarbonylbenzanthrones.The reaction of 1-cyanomethylanthraquinones with carbon disulfide in an alkaline medium led to 2-substituted 6H-anthrathiophen-6-ones as a result, probably, of closure of the thiopyran ring and recyclization.
TAUTOMERISM AND ACID-BASE CHARACTERISTICS OF 2-HYDROXY-1-AZABENZANTHRONES
Mikhailova, T. A.,Zaitsev, B. E.,Gorelik, M. V.
, p. 703 - 710 (2007/10/02)
In solutions of 2-hydroxy-1-azabenzanthrones in polar protic solvents tautomerism exists between the 9,10-anthraquinonoid lactim and 1,10-anthraquinonoid lactam forms.The introduction of a halogen atom at the position 3 to 6 reduces and the introduction of an amino group at the position 6 increases the content of the lactam tautomer.In acidity and basicity the lactam form of 2-hydroxy-1-azabenzanthrone surpasses the lactam form of 2-hydroxy-3-azabenzanthrone on account of an additional gain of energy through rearrangement of the 1,10-anthraquinonoid electronic structure intothe 9,10-anthraquinonoid structure during ionization.The 6-amino derivatives of 2-hydroxy- and 2-methoxy-1-azabenzanthrones are protonated first in the heterocycle and then, like 6-aminobenzanthrone, at the ketone carbonyl; they are only protonated at the amino group in the third stage; whereas 3-amino-2-methoxy-1-azabenzanthrone is protonated at the amino group immediately.
