3423-07-2Relevant articles and documents
Longiberine and O-methyllongiberine, dimeric protoberberine-benzyl tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids from Thalictrum longistylum
Lee, Shoei-Sheng,Wu, Wu-Nan,Wilton, John H.,Beal, Jack L.,Doskotch, Raymond W.
, p. 1410 - 1414 (1999)
Two benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline - protoberberine dimers, longiberine (1) and O-methyllongiberine (2): were isolated from the roots of Thalictrum longistylum and represent a new class of dimeric alkaloids. The structure of longiberine (1) was established by spectral and chemical methods. Reductive cleavage of O-ethyllongiberine (4) with Na/liquid NH3 yielded (+)-(S)-N- methylcoclaurine (5), which determined one-half of the dimer, and 1D and 2D NMR studies arranged the substituents on the protoberberine nucleus. Chemical conversion of thalidezine (6) to 1 via the O-acetyl N,N-didemethyl derivative 9, which was methylenated in the Mannich reaction and N-methylated by the Eschweiler-Clarke procedure, established the second asymmetric center as S and confirmed the ring size and the order of the substituents for 1. Methylation of 1 with diazomethane formed the O-methyl derivative 2, identical with the natural product.
Isolation and characterization of two O-methyltransferases involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)
Facchini, Peter J.,Menéndez-Perdomo, Ivette M.
, p. 1598 - 1612 (2020)
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a major class of plant metabolites with many pharmacological benefits. Sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is an ancient aquatic plant of medicinal value because of antiviral and immunomodulatory activities linked to its constituent BIAs. Although more than 30 BIAs belonging to the 1-benzylisoquinoline, aporphine, and bisbenzylisoquinoline structural subclasses and displaying a predominant R-enantiomeric conformation have been isolated from N. nucifera, its BIA biosynthetic genes and enzymes remain unknown. Herein, we report the isolation and biochemical characterization of two O-methyltransferases (OMTs) involved in BIA biosynthesis in sacred lotus. Five homologous genes, designated NnOMT1-5 and encoding polypeptides sharing >40% amino acid sequence identity, were expressed in Escherichia coli. Functional characterization of the purified recombinant proteins revealed that NnOMT1 is a regiospecific 1-benzylisoquinoline 6-O-methyltransferase (6OMT) accepting both Rand S-substrates, whereas NnOMT5 is mainly a 7-O-methyltransferase (7OMT), with relatively minor 6OMT activity and a strong stereospecific preference for S-enantiomers. Available aporphines were not accepted as substrates by either enzyme, suggesting that O-methylation precedes BIA formation from 1-benzylisoquinoline intermediates. Km values for NnOMT1 and NnOMT5 were 20 and 13 μM for (R,S)-norcoclaurine and (S)-N-methylcoclaurine, respectively, similar to those forOMTs from other BIA-producing plants. Organ-based correlations of alkaloid content,OMTactivity in crude extracts, andOMTgene expression supported physiological roles for NnOMT1 and NnOMT5 in BIA metabolism, occurring primarily in young leaves and embryos of sacred lotus. In summary, our work identifies two OMTs involved in BIA metabolism in the medicinal plant N. nucifera.
Structure and Biocatalytic Scope of Coclaurine N-Methyltransferase
Bennett, Matthew R.,Thompson, Mark L.,Shepherd, Sarah A.,Dunstan, Mark S.,Herbert, Abigail J.,Smith, Duncan R. M.,Cronin, Victoria A.,Menon, Binuraj R. K.,Levy, Colin,Micklefield, Jason
, p. 10600 - 10604 (2018/08/17)
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a structurally diverse family of plant secondary metabolites, which have been exploited to develop analgesics, antibiotics, antitumor agents, and other therapeutic agents. Biosynthesis of BIAs proceeds via a common pathway from tyrosine to (S)-reticulene at which point the pathway diverges. Coclaurine N-methyltransferase (CNMT) is a key enzyme in the pathway to (S)-reticulene, installing the N-methyl substituent that is essential for the bioactivity of many BIAs. In this paper, we describe the first crystal structure of CNMT which, along with mutagenesis studies, defines the enzymes active site architecture. The specificity of CNMT was also explored with a range of natural and synthetic substrates as well as co-factor analogues. Knowledge from this study could be used to generate improved CNMT variants required to produce BIAs or synthetic derivatives.
Evaluation of benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines as ligands for neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Exley, Richard,Iturriaga-Vasquez, Patricio,Lukas, Ronald J.,Sher, Emanuele,Cassels, Bruce K.,Bermudez, Isabel
, p. 15 - 24 (2007/10/03)
Effects of derivatives of coclaurine (C), which mimic the 'eastern' or the nonquaternary halves of the alkaloids tetrandrine or d-tubocurarine, respectively, both of which are inhibitors of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nACh), were examined on recomb
ALKALOIDS OF DEHAASIA TRIANDRA
Lu, Sheng-Teh,Tsai, Ian-Lih,Leou, Shiow-Piaw
, p. 615 - 620 (2007/10/02)
Separation of the basic fraction from Dehaasia triandra afforded two new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, dehatridine and dehatrine, along with six known alkaloids, isocorydine, corytuberine, atheroline, nantenine, obaberine and a quaternary aporphine alkaloid, xanthoplanine (5). - Keywords: Dehaasia triandra; Lauraceae; Iau-Guoo-Nan; bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids; dehatridine; dehatrine.
THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF THE ALKALOIDS OF CISSAMPELOS PAREIRA LINN
Bhakuni,Dewan S.,Jain,Sudha,Chaturvedi,Rekha
, p. 3975 - 3982 (2007/10/02)
Tracer experimets show that the bisbenzylisoqunoline alkaloid,(S,R)-hayatidin (10) is stereospecifically biosynthesized in young Cissampelos pareira Linn plants by intermolecular oxidativ coupling of (S)-(5)-and (R)-(3)-N-methylcoclaurines whereas (R,R)-isochondrodendrine (14) and (R,R)-bebeerine (12) are formed in the plants by oxidative dimerization of (R)-N-methyl-coclaurine (3).
Absolute Configuration and Biosynthesis of Tiliacorine and Tiliacorinine
Bhakuni, Dewan S.,Jain, Sudha
, p. 2598 - 2603 (2007/10/02)
The incorporation of (+/-)-coclaurine, (+/-)-norcoclaurine, (+/-)-N-methylcoclaurine, and didehydro-N-methylcoclaurinium iodide into tiliacorinine and tiliacorine in Tiliacora racemosa Colebr. has been studied, and specific utilization of the (+/-)-N-meth
THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF THE ALKALOIDS OF CROTON SPARSIFLORUS MORONG
Bhakuni, Dewan S.,Jain, Sudha
, p. 3175 - 3182 (2007/10/02)
Incorporation of tyrosine, dopa, dopamine, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, (+/-)-, norcoclaurine-1-carboxylic acid, -norcoclaurine, -coclaurine, and -N-methylcoclaurine into N-methylcrotsparine, N-methylcrotsparinine and N-methylsparsiflorine in Croton sparsiflorus Morong has been studied.The evidence supports the direct oxidative coupling of (+)-, and (-)-N-methylcoclaurines to give N-methylcrotsparine and N-methylcrotsparinine, respectively.Tracer experiment show that N-methylcrotsparine undergoes dienone-phenol rearrangement to give N-methylsparsiflorine.A doublelabelling experiment with (+/-)-Nmethylcoclaurine demonstrated that the H atom at the asymmetric centre in the 1-benzylisoquinoline precursor is retained in the bioconversion.The intermediacy of norcoclaurine-1-carboxylic acid and specific incorporation of dehydro-N-methylcoclaurinium salt into the bases have been demonstrated.
The Structure of Thalibrunine, a Reinvestigation and Revision
Wu, Jinn,Beal, Jack L.,Doskotch, Raymond W.
, p. 208 - 212 (2007/10/02)
Evidence is presented that thalibrunine has structure 2 and is the 2'-hydroxy derivative of hernandezine.Ceric ammonium nitrate oxidation of thalibrunine acetate (3) gave 2-methoxy-4-acetoxy-4',5-diformyldiphenyl ether (6), which was also prepared synthet