3615-41-6

Basic information

• Product Name: alpha-L-Rhamnose
• Synonyms: 6-Deoxyhexopyranose;6-deoxy-l-mannos;6-Deoxymannose;Isoducitol;L-Mannopyranose, 6-deoxy-;Locaose;Mannose, 6-deoxy-;Rhamnopyranose
• CAS NO: 3615-41-6
• Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₂O₅
• Molecular Weight: 164.16
• EINECS: 222-793-4
• Product Categories: FINE Chemical & INTERMEDIATES;Biochemistry;Deoxysugars;Rhamnose;Sugars;Dextrins、Sugar & Carbohydrates;Plant extracts;Herb extract
• Mol File: 3615-41-6.mol
• Article Data: 479

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 91-95°C
• Boiling Point: 251.61°C (rough estimate)
• Flash Point: 209.3 °C
• Appearance: White crystalline powder
• Density: 1.3058 (rough estimate)
• Vapor Pressure: 1.1E-11mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.6400 (estimate)
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• PKA: 12.50±0.20(Predicted)
• Water Solubility: 521.5g/L(40 oC)
• Merck: 8172
• CAS DataBase Reference: alpha-L-Rhamnose(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: alpha-L-Rhamnose(3615-41-6)
• EPA Substance Registry System: alpha-L-Rhamnose(3615-41-6)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 3615-41-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Chemical Properties

Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 3615-41-6 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. White crystals. For equilibrium mixture optical rotation is +9.18 degrees. Very soluble in water and in methanol; soluble in absolute alcohol.
2. L-Rhamnose has no odor, but has a very sweet taste.

Uses

Synthetic sweetener research.

Definition

ChEBI: The acyclic form of L-rhamnose.

Flammability and Explosibility

Notclassified

InChI:InChI=1/C6H12O5.H2O/c1-3(8)5(10)6(11)4(9)2-7;/h2-6,8-11H,1H3;1H2/t3-,4-,5-,6-;/m0./s1

Upstream product

• 7664-93-9 sulfuric acid 
• 106293-98-5 6-deoxy-D-mannono-1,4-lactone 
• 1166398-39-5 8,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxy-6-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside flavone 
• 1253285-17-4 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5α-furostan-20(22)-en-3β,26-diol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside 
• 67-56-1 methanol 
• 911649-24-6 methyl-(2,3-anhydro-6-deoxy-α-L-talopyranoside) 
• 124-41-4 sodium methylate 
• 68069-80-7 methyl-α-L-fucopyranoside 
• 911654-81-4 methyl-(tri-O-benzoyl-6-deoxy-α-D-altropyranoside) 
• 6422-34-0 D-altromethylonic acid 
• 39698-28-7 p-nitrophenyl 6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside 

Downstream Products

• 14807-05-7 6-deoxy-L-arabino-2-hexulose 
• 14917-55-6 methyl 6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranoside 
• 634-74-2 D,L-rhamnose 
• 6422-34-0 L-idomethylonic acid 
• 51607-21-7 6-deoxy-D-altritol 
• 620-02-0 5-Methylfurfural 
• 822-36-6 4-methyl-1H-imidazole 
• 513-86-0 3-hydroxy-2-butanon 
• 513-85-9 2.3-butanediol 
• 56804-89-8 L-Rhamnosyl-1-phenyl-flavazol 
• 53657-42-4 L-rhamnal 
• 76647-70-6 (3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one 
• 78-98-8 2-oxopropanal 
• 20031-16-7 6-deoxy-D-gulono-1,4-lactone 

Relevant articles and documents

8-METHOXYKAMPFEROL 3-NEOHESPERIDOSIDE AND OTHER FLAVANOIDS FROM BEE POLLEN OF CRATAEGUS MONOGYNA

A new flavonol glycoside, 8-methoxykamferol 3-neohesperidoside and 8-methoxykampferol 3-glucosid, 8-methoxykaempferol and kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside were identified from the bee pollen of Crataegus monogyna.

Nicotabaflavonoidglycoside, the first example of cembranoid and flavonoid heterodimer from Nicotiana tabacum

Nicotabaflavonoidglycoside (1), a novel cembrane-type diterpenoid and flavonoid heterodimer had been isolated from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Its structure was elucidated as (1″S, 6″S) or (1″R, 6″R)-8-[6″-((?)-(1″S, 2″E, 4″Z, 7″E, 11″E)-cembra-2″, 4″, 7″, 11″-tetraenyl)]-rutin by comprehensive analyses of the NMR and HRESIMS spectra. Its absolute configurations of C-1″ and C-6″ were assigned as (1″S, 6″S) by its biogenesis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD). A possible biogenesis involving eliminate reaction of (1S, 2E, 4S, 6R, 7E, 11E)-2, 7, 11-cembratriene-4, 6-diol or its 4R isomer, as well as electrophilic substitution reaction of rutin was postulated.

Three new steroidal saponins from Fritillaria pallidiflora

Three new steroidal saponins, pallidiflosides A (1), B (2), and C (3), have been isolated from the dry bulbs of Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk. Their structures were elucidated as 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5,20(22) -dien-3β,26-diol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1 → 4)-[α-L- rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1); 26-O-β-D- glucopyranosyl-3β,26-dihydroxyl-20,22-seco-25(R)-furost-5-en-20, 22-dione-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)- β-D-glucopyranoside (2); and (25R)-spirost-5-ene-3β,17a-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 4)- β-D-galactopyranoside (3) by spectroscopic techniques and chemical means.

Two new 23S,26R-hydroxylated spirostanoid saponins from the fruits of Solanum indicum var. recurvatum

Solanum indicum var. recurvatum, distributed mainly in Hekou, Simao and Menghai areas of Yunnan province, China, is characterized by stellate pubescent leaves with irregular lengths and oblong, short, and downwardly curved anthers. The original species, S. indicum, has been used as an anti-inflammatory, wound-healing agent, an analgesic, and for the treatment of rhinitis, cough, and breast cancer in Chinese folk medicine. The variety was chemically studied for the first time, leading to the isolation of two new rare 23S,26R-hydroxylated spirostanoid saponins, together with five known steroidal components, two of which the rare natural ketosteroids 6-hydroxyandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione and rostadienedione have been isolated from the genus Solanum for the first time. Elucidation of the structures was accomplished by extensive 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and HRESIMS spectroscopic methods.

Steroidal saponins and pregnane glycosides from Smilax microphylla

Six steroidal saponins and two pregnane glycosides were isolated from the BuOH subfraction of 70% EtOH extract of Smilax microphylla C.H. Wright, among them two were new compounds (1 and 7). Pregnane glycosides were firstly isolated from the genus Smilax

Two new glycosides isolated from Sapindus mukorossi fruits: effects on cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activation in human lung carcinoma cells

Two new glycosides (1, 2) and two saponins (3, 4) were isolated from the fruits of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. The two glycosides were designated as sapindoside G (1) and 4′′,4′′′′′-O-diacetylmukurozioside IIa (2). All four compounds exhibited inhibitory effects against A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells with inhibition rates up to 69.2–83.3% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that compounds 1–4 could suppress A549 cell growth by promoting cell apoptosis, which was related to the activation of caspase-3.

Medicinal flowers. XXII structures of chakasaponins V and VI, chakanoside I, and chakaflavonoside a from flower buds of Chinese tea plant (Camellia sinensis)

Two acylated oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, chakasaponins V and VI, an aromatic glycoside, chakanoside I, and an acylated flavonol oligoglycoside, chakaflavonoside A, were isolated from the flower buds of Chinese tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. KUNTZE]. The chemical structures of those new glycosides were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.

Previously undescribed pyridyl-steroidal glycoalkaloids and 23S,26R-hydroxylated spirostanoid saponin from the fruits of Solanum violaceum ortega and their bioactivities

Three previously undescribed pyridyl-steroidal glycoalkaloids, solanindiosides A?C, one rare 23S,26R-hydroxylated spirostanoid saponin, and two steroidal alkaloid aglycones, solanindins A and B, derived from the acid hydrolysis of solanindiosides A?C, were isolated from the fruits of Solanum violaceum, together with five known analogues, including two rare steroidal glycosides, two lignans and a diterpene. Structurally, they comprise a 16β-methoxy-23-deoxy-22,26-epimino-cholest-type skeleton moiety, and a 16β-methoxy-3,23-dideoxy-22,26-epimino-cholest-3,5-dien derivative. The hitherto undescribed structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. Configurations of sugar moieties were resolved by chemical derivations. Solanindiosides A?C, (22R,23S,25R,26R)-spirost-5-ene-3β,23,26-triol3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranoside, solanindins A and B, and (1S,2S)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-tetrahydro-4-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furanyl]phenoxy]-1,3-propanediol were evaluated for their cytotoxic and antibacterial activities. (1S,2S)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-tetrahydro-4-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furanyl]phenoxy]-1,3-propanediol showed the most potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 4.386 ± 0.098 μM), while solanindin B displayed some inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach with MIC50 value of 37.32 ± 0.793 μM. In addition, (1S,2S)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-tetrahydro-4-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furanyl]phenoxy]-1,3-propanediol induced dose dependent apoptosis effect in MCF-7 cells.

Oleanane-and Ursane-Type Triterpene Saponins from Centella asiatica Exhibit Neuroprotective Effects

Six new pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins, centelloside F (1), centelloside G (2), 11-oxo-asiaticoside B (3), 11-oxo-madecassoside (4), 11(β)-methoxy asiaticoside B (5), and 11(β)-methoxy madecassoside (6), along with seven known ones, asiaticoside (7), asiaticoside B (8), madecassoside (9), centellasaponin A (10), isoasiaticoside (11), scheffoleoside A (12), and centelloside E (13), were separated from the 80% MeOH extract of the whole plant of Centella asiatica, which has been used as a medicinal plant and is now commercially available as a diatery supplement in many countries. Compounds 1 and 2, 3 and 4, and 5 and 6 are three pairs of isomers with oleanane-or ursane-type triterpenes as aglycones. The chemical structures of the new triterpene saponins were fully characterized by extensive analysis of their nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry data. The protective effects of compounds 1-13 on PC12 cells induced by 6-OHDA were screened, and compound 3 displayed the best neuroprotective effect, with 91.75% cell viability at the concentration of 100 μM. Moreover, compound 3 also attenuated cell apoptosis and increased the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and catalase. Additionally, compound 3 activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway, including PDK1, Akt, and GSK-3β. These findings suggested that triterpene saponins from C. asiatica were worthy of further biological research to develop new neuroprotective agents.

Rhamnolipids as Platform Molecules for Production of Potential Anti-zoospore Agrochemicals

Rhamnolipid biosurfactants have potential applications in the control of zoosporic plant pathogens. However, rhamnolipids have not been closely investigated for the anti-zoospore mechanism or for developing new anti-zoospore chemicals. In this study, RhL-1 and RhL-3 groups of rhamnolipids were used to generate the corresponding RhL-2 and RhL-4 groups and the free diacids. Conversion of RhL-3 to RhL-1 was also accomplished in vitro with cellobiase as the catalyst. The anti-zoospore effects of RhL-1-RhL-4 and the diacids were investigated with zoospores of Phytophthora sojae. For RhL-1-RhL-4, approximately 20, 30, 40, and 40 mg/L, respectively, were found to be the lowest concentrations required to stop movement of all zoospores, which indicates that the anti-zoospore effect remains strong even after RhL-1 and RhL-3 are hydrolyzed into RhL-2 and RhL-4. The free diacids required a significantly higher critical concentration of about 125 mg/L. Rhamnose can be obtained as a co-product.

Benzophenone O-glycosides from hypericum elegans

Elegaphenonoside, a new benzophenone O-rhamnoside, together with two known benzophenone O-glycosides, namely hypericophenonoside and neoannulatophenonoside, were isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum elegans Stephan ex Willd. The structure of the ne

Structural characterization and in vitro antitumor activity of A polysaccharide from Artemisia annua L. (Huang Huahao)

One water-soluble polysaccharide (AAP), with a molecular weight of 6.3 × 104 Da, was isolated from Artemisia annua L. Structrual analysis indicated that AAP was found to be a 1, 3-α-linked and 1, 3, 6-α-linked Glcp backbone, with a branch of 1, 6-α-linked Glcp and terminal 1-linked-L-Rhap along the main chain in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1. MTT assay showed that AAP reduced the cell viability of HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. DAPI staining and Flow cytometric analysis revealed that AAP suppressed cells proliferation, not most at least via inducing p65-dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway, as evidenced by more activation of caspase-3 and -9, down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein, up-regulation of Bax protein and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into cytosol, as well as suppression of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65. These data confirmed AAP inhibits HepG2 cell growth via inducing caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of NF-κB p65.

Steroidal saponins from Chlorophytum orchidastrum

Six new spirostane-type saponins (1-6), named orchidastrosides A-F, and chloromaloside D were isolated from an ethanol extract of the roots of Chlorophytum orchidastrum. The saponins have neotigogenin or neogitogenin as the aglycon and oligosaccharidic chains possessing seven to nine sugar units. Their structures were elucidated mainly by 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC) and FABMS and HRESIMS. Compounds 1-6 were tested for cytotoxicity against two human colon cancer cell lines, HCT 116 and HT-29.

Montbresides A–D: antibacterial p-coumaroyl esters of a new sucrose-based tetrasaccharide from Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora (montbretia) flowers

Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora (montbretia) flowers yielded four esters (montbresides A–D) of a new sucrose-based tetrasaccharide, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4′-O-α-D-rhamnopyranosyl-sucrose [β-D-Glc-(1 → 3)-α-D-Glc-(1?2)-β-D-Fru-(4 ← 1)-α-D-Rha]. All four possess O-p-coumaroyl residues on C-3 of fructose and C-4 of α-glucose, plus O-acetyl residues on C-2 and C-3 of rhamnose and C-6 of fructose. Montbresides A and B are additionally O-acetylated on C-1 of fructose. The p-coumaroyls are trans- in montbresides A and C and cis- in B and D. Elemental compositions were determined from MS data, and structures from 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Monosaccharide residues were identified from selective 1D TOCSY spectra and TLC, and acylation sites from 2D HMBC spectra. Enantiomers were distinguished by enzymic digestion. Montbretia flower extracts were cytotoxic against six human cancerous cell-lines, but purified montbresides lacked cytotoxicity. Each montbreside displayed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (minimal inhibitory concentration ~6 μg/ml). Montbretia is a potential source of new cytotoxins and antibacterial agents.

Triterpene saponins from clematis mandshurica and their antiproliferative activity

Six new triterpene saponins, clematomandshurica saponins F-K (1-6), together with a known compound (7), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Clematis mandshurica. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and hydrolysis. Compounds 5-7 exhibited antiproliferative effects against PC-3 human prostate cancer cells with GI50 values of 1.29, 1.50, and 0.71 M, respectively.

New prenylflavonol glycosides with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus

Eight new prenylflavonol glycosides (1–8), along with five known analogues (9–13) were isolated from the n-butanol extract of the dried leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus (family Juglandaceae) for the first time. The structures of these compounds were characte

Two new glycosides from the fruits of Forsythia suspense

Two new glycosides suspensaside C (1) and 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-jacaranone-4- O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), together with four known compounds suspensaside A (3), rengynic acid-1′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), forsythoside A (5), and rengynic acid (6), were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspense (Thunb.) Vahl. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR analyses and HR-ESI-MS. All isolates were tested for their cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines (A549, Colo-205, Hep-3B, HL60, and KB). Compound 3 exhibited cytotoxicity against HL-60, Hep-3B, and A549 cancer cell lines.

Flavonol glycosides from muehlenbeckia platyclada and their anti-inflammatory activity

A new flavonol, morin-3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (1), along with four known flavonols, kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (4) and (+)-catechin (5), were isolated from the methanolic ex

Lanostane triterpene glycosides from the flowers of Lyonia ovalifolia var. hebecarpa and their antiproliferative activities

Sixteen lanostane-type triterpene glycosides including eight new ones, named lyonicarposides A–H (1–8), were isolated from the flowers of Lyonia ovalifolia var. hebecarpa (Franch. ex F.B. Forbes & Hemsl.) Chun (Ericaceae). The chemical structures of the new compounds were elucidated by the comprehensive spectroscopic techniques and chemical methods. The Mo2(OAc)4–induced electronic circular dichroism method was used to determine the absolute configurations of C-24 in lyonicarposides A (1), C (3), and E (5). This is the first phytochemical study on the flowers of L. ovalifolia var. hebecarpa. All the isolates were evaluated for their antiproliferative activities against SMMC-7721, HL-60, SW480, MCF-7, and A-549 cell lines. Lyonicarposides A (1) and B (2) showed moderate antiproliferative activities against five cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 12.39 to 28.71 μM. Lyonicarposides C (3) and G (7) and lyonifoloside M (12) selectively inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 13.03 to 17.71 μM. Interestingly, lyonifoloside L (13) selectively inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cell line with an IC50 value of 16.27 μM. Their structure-activity-relationships were discussed.

New steroidal saponins with cytotoxic activities from Smilax trinervula

Three new steroidal saponins, namely, trinervulosides A-C (1-3), were isolated from the rhizomes and roots of Smilax trinervula, together with four known compounds, 4-7. Their structures were determined through chemical evidence, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and comparison with the literature. Compounds 1-7 were assayed for cytotoxic activities, and only trinervuloside B (2) showed activity against SGC-7901 and HCT-116 cell lines.

New minor spirostane glycosides from Ypsilandra thibetica

A further phytochemical investigation on the whole plants of Ypsilandra thibetica yielded three new spirostane glycosides, named ypsilandrosides M-O (1-3). Their structures were established as (3β,11α,25R)-3,11- dihydroxyspirost-5-en-12-one 3-{O-α-L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-L- rhanmopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[α-L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1→2)] -β-D-glucopyranoside} (1), (3β,7β,25R)-spirost-5-ene-3,7-diol 3-{O-α-L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1→4) -O-[α-L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside} (2), and (3β,7α,25R)-spirost-5-ene-3,7,17-triol 3-{O-α-L- rhanmopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1→4) -O-[α-L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside} (3) by means of a combination of MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods, and chemical degradation. Among them, compound 3 is the first pennogenin (=(3β,25R)- spirost-5-ene-3,17-diol) saponin whose aglycone contains an OH group at C(7). Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for the inhibition of the growth of five tumor cell lines, but all of them proved to be inactive. Copyright

Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of aerial parts of Ferula longipes Coss. ex Bonnier and Maury

This is the first study on the phytochemistry and antioxidant activity of Ferula longipes Coss. ex Bonnier and Maury (Apiaceae). A new flavonoid quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-?-D-[2-O-caffeoyl]-glucopyranoside (1), along with 10 known compounds kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), kaempferol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (4), isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (6), isorhamnetin-3,7-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), apigenin (8), apigenin-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (9), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (10), deltoin (11) were isolated from the aerial parts of Ferula longipes Coss. Structures elucidation was performed by comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR analyses, mass spectrometry and by comparison with literature data. The compounds 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 10 were evaluated for their antioxidant activity, compound 1 exhibited the best antiradical activity potential and showed IC50 and A0.5 values 5.70, 7.25, 5.00, and 2.63?μg/mL towards DPPH free radical-scavenging, ABTS, CUPRAC, and reducing power assays, respectively compared with BHA, BHT and ascorbic acid which were used as positive controls.

A new flavonol glycoside from kalanchoe pinnata leaves

A new flavonol glycoside i.e., 7-O-methylkaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamno- pyranosyl-(16)-O-b-D-galactopyranoside (1) together with a known flavonol glycoside; kaempferol-14-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(13)-O-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(16)-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (2) were isolated from methanolic fraction of leaves of Kalanchoe pinnata. Their structures were determined with the help of chemical method and concerted use of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.

Spirostanol tetraglycosides from Ypsilandra thibetica

Phytochemical reinvestigation on the whole plants of Ypsilandra thibetica obtained five new spirostane glycosides, ypsilandrosides H-L (1-5), and a known saponin polyphylloside III (6). Among them, 1 and 2 are the first spirostane glycosides which possess novel 5(6 → 7) abeo-steroidal aglycones. Compounds 3 and 4 are rare saponins whose aglycones contain a hydroxyl group at C-7. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidences. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity on five tumor cell lines.

Two new triterpenoid saponins from Centella asiatica

Two undescribed ursane-type triterpene saponins, named asiaticoside H (1) and I (2), were isolated from the whole plants of Centella asiatica. The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were mainly characterized by extensive analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR and HR

Xanthosaponins A and B, two unusual steroidal saponins with an unprecedented 16,17-: Seco -cholestane skeleton from Solanum xanthocarpum and their cytotoxic activities

Xanthosaponins A (1) and B (2), two unusual steroidal saponins with a new 16,17-seco-cholestane carbon skeleton were isolated from the fruits of Solanum xanthocarpum. The structures of all isolated compounds were determined using 1D and 2D NMR experiments and MS analyses. Xanthosaponin A (1) exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against MGC803, LN229, and SMMC7721 cells. This journal is

Chemical Components in Hedera rhombea Leaves and Their Cytotoxicity

Two novel triterpene glycosides (1 and 2), 17 known triterpene glycosides (3-19), two known flavonoid glycosides (20 and 21), and two known norsesquiterpene glucosides (22 and 23) were isolated from Hedera rhombea (Araliaceae) leaves. The structures of 1

Undescribed C -Glycosylflavones from Corn Silk and Potential Anti-inflammatory Activity Evaluation of Isolates #

Phytochemical investigation of corn silk resulted in isolation and characterization of four flavone C-glycosides, chrysoeriol 6- C - β -oliopyranosyl-7- O - β -D-glucopyranoside (1), 3′-methoxycassiaoccidentalin A (2), chrysoeriol 6- C - β -boivinopyranosyl-7- O - β -D-glucopyranoside (3), and ax-4″-OH-3′-methoxymaysin (4), a triterpenoid, friedelin (5), two sterols, (22 E)-5 α,8 α -epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3 β -ol (6) and 6 β -hydroxystigmasta-4,22-diene-3-one (7), and a mixture of β -sitosterol and stigmasterol. Compounds 1 and 2 were previously undescribed. Structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was attained using spectral data including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS. Compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 inhibited iNOS activity in LPS-induced macrophages and decreased nitrite levels by 68.64 ± 4.46, 65.67 ± 6.47, 88.50 ± 0.50, and 94.00 ± 4.00%, respectively, at 50 μM. Compound 5 also showed inhibition of NF- κ B (51.00 ± 1.50%). Compounds 1 and 2 induced NAG-1 activity in chondrocytes by 1.80 ± 0.05 and 2.00 ± 0.13 fold, respectively. The extract of corn silk, however, did not exhibit inhibition of iNOS or NF- κ B but induced NAG-1 by 1.80 ± 0.51 fold.