37126-92-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
FLAVAN-3-OL AND PROCYANIDIN GLYCOSIDES FROM QUERCUS MIYAGII
Ishimaru, Kanji,Nonaka, Gen-Ichiro,Nishioka, Itsuo
, p. 1167 - 1170 (1987)
A chemical examination of the leaves and bark of Quercus miyagii has led to the isolation and characterization of two flavan-3-ol glycosides and two procyanidin rhamnosides in which the sugar residue is located at C-3. - Key Word Index: Quercus miyagii; Fagaceae; flavan-3-ol glycosides; procyanidin rhamnosides; catechin; tannin.
Oligomeric flavanoids. Part 19. Reductive cleavage of the interflavanyl bond in proanthocyanidins
Steynberg, Petrus J.,Steynberg, Jan P.,Bezuidenhoudt, Barend C. B.,Ferreira, Daneel
, p. 3005 - 3012 (2007/10/03)
The interflavanyl bond in profisetinidins 1, 4 and 6, and methyl ethers 3, 5, 28 and 29 procyanidins 24 and 26, and their methyl ethers 25 and 27 is readily subject to cleavage with sodium cyanoboranuide in trifluoroacetic acid at 0 deg C.This method will contribute significantly to the structure elucidation of the 5-deoxy (A-ring) proanthocyanidins from important commercial sources.Boltzmann-averaged heterocyclic ring coupling constants as determined by a conformational global search routine (GMMX) and NOE difference spectroscopy were used to assign unequivocally the diastereotopic methylene protons in the 1H NMR spectra of flavan-3-ols, a prerequisite for corroboration of the cleavage mechanism.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PROCYANIDIN DIMERS AS THEIR PERACETATES AND OCTAMETHYL ETHER DIACETATES
Kolodziej, Herbert
, p. 1209 - 1216 (2007/10/02)
Key Word Index - Biomimetic synthesis; procyanidins B1-B8; 3,4-cis-biflavanoid; all--bi--(+)-catechin; 1H NMR parameters. Condensation of (2R,3S,4R or S)-leucocyanidin or the 5,7,3',4'-tetramethyl ether of (2R,3R,4S)-leucocyanidin with flavan-3-ols yielded dimeric flavanoids which were converted to their octamethyl ether diacetates, or the deca-acetates for the 2,3-trans-procyanidin series.Comparison is made of the 1H NMR spectra of the deca-acetate and octamethyl ether diacetate derivatives which lead to useful diagnostic shift parameters characteristic of their structures.Condensation afforded a novel biflavanoid with a 3,4-cis-configuration and a triflavanoid of 'mixed' stereochemistry.
Synthesis of Condensed Tannins. Part 9. The Condensation Sequence of Leucocyanidin with (+)-Catechin and with the Resultant Procyanidins
Delcour, Jan. A.,Ferreira, Daneel,Roux, David G.
, p. 1711 - 1717 (2007/10/02)
Molar equivalents of synthetic (2R,3S,4R of S)-leucocyanidin and (+)-catechin condense with exceptional rapidity at pH 5 under ambient conditions to give the all-trans-- and -bi- (procyanidins B3, B6) the all-trans-- and -tri- (procyanidin C2, and novel isomer), and the presumed all-trans--linked tetraflavanoid analogue in the proportions 10:1:12:1:3.The facility and sequence of these condensations correlate with the observed absence of leucocyanidins (flavan-3,3',4,4',5,7-hexaols) and also the dominance of related condensed tannins in plant extracts.
Synthesis of Condensed Tannins. Part 4. A Direct Biomimetic Approach to - and -Biflavanoids
Botha, Jacobus, J.,Ferreira, Daneel,Roux, David G.
, p. 1235 - 1245 (2007/10/02)
The generation of flavanyl-4-carbo-cations from flavan-3,4-diols and their condensation with nucleophilic flavan-3-ols to form - and -biflavanoids at ambient temperatures and mildly acidic aqueous conditions apparently simulates the initial step in condensed tannin formation in a number of natural sources.The stereospecificity (or stereoselectivity) of the reaction is conditioned mainly by the 2,3-cis or 2,3-trans stereochemistry of the parent flavan-3,4-diol, but also by the nuclephilicity of the flavan-3-ol, and its regiospecific (or regioselective) course by steric factors arising from variation in substitution of the receptive A-ring of the flavan-3-ol.
