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Usage

Uses

Used in Biomedical Research:
2,3-Diphenyl-5-(p-diphenyl)tetrazolium chloride is used as a cell viability indicator for assessing the metabolic activity of cells. It is particularly valuable in determining the cytotoxic effects of drugs, chemicals, or other substances on cell cultures.
Used in Drug Efficacy Evaluation:
MTT is employed as a tool for evaluating the effectiveness of drug treatments by measuring the impact on cell viability and proliferation. This helps in understanding the potential therapeutic benefits and side effects of new drug candidates.
Used in Toxicology Studies:
In toxicology, 2,3-diphenyl-5-(p-diphenyl)tetrazolium chloride is used as a means to assess the toxicity of substances by observing their effects on cell survival and proliferation. This aids in the safety assessment of new compounds and environmental toxins.
Used in Understanding Cell Death and Survival Mechanisms:
MTT is utilized as a research tool to investigate the mechanisms underlying cell death and survival. By measuring the formazan product, researchers can gain insights into the cellular processes that contribute to cell viability and the factors that may influence it.

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Anti-Plasmodium activity of tetrazolium salts

We have previously reported that sulfated cyclodextrins inhibit the invasion of Plasmodium merozoites by interacting with receptors present on the surface of erythrocytes. The observation that tetrazolium salts formed stable complexes with the inhibitory sulfated cyclodextrins suggested that tetrazolium salts might have anti-Plasmodium activity as well. Evaluation of commercially available tetrazolium salts indicated that some were active in the low nanomolar range and showed specificity in their inhibition of Plasmodium. Synthesis of a further 54 structures allowed us to determine that activity results from an aromatic component attached to the tetrazolium carbon atom (R1) and its size is not critical to the activity of the compound. Nitro modifications of active compounds are poorly tolerated, however, the presence of halogen atoms on aromatic groups attached to the nitrogen atoms of the tetrazolium ring (R2 and R3) has little effect on activity. Methoxy groups are tolerated on R2 and R3 components; however, they are disruptive on the R1 component. The overall results suggest that the R1 component is interacting with a specific hydrophobic environment and the R2 and R3 components are less constrained. The activity of these compounds in several human and mouse Plasmodium cultures suggests that the compounds interact with a component of the parasite that is both essential and conserved.

Method of measuring substance in sample using a redox reaction

A highly reliable method of measuring an analyte in a sample using a redox reaction. In this method, a tetrazolium compound is added to a sample prior to the redox reaction so as to eliminate the influence of any reducing substance in the sample, then a reducing substance or an oxidizing substance derived from the analyte is formed, the quantity of the formed substance derived from the analyte is measured by the redox reaction, and the quantity of the analyte is determined from the quantity of the formed substance derived from the analyte. As the tetrazolium compound, for example, 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt can be used.