39129-54-9Relevant articles and documents
Copper(I) Catalysed Formation of 3-Methoxy-2,5-dimethylthiophene and 3,4-Dimethoxy-2,5-dimethylthiophene
Peeters, Luc D.,Jacobs, Sven G.,Eevers, Walter,Geise, Herman J.
, p. 11533 - 11540 (1994)
3-Methoxy-2,5-dimethylthiophene and 3,4-dimethoxy-2,5-dimethylthiophene have been prepared from 3,4-dibromo-2,5-dimethylthiophene and sodium methoxide using Cu(I)Br as a catalyst.The influence of some cosolvents and reaction temperature is investigated.Best results are obtained by refluxing in DMF at 125 deg C for 4 hours.The mixture is easily separated by flash chromatography.
Phthalocyanine-related macrocycles: Cross cyclotetramerisation products from 3,4-dicyanothiophenes, 2,3-dicyanothiophene and 3,6- dialkylphthalonitriles
Cook, Michael J.,Jafari-Fini, Ali
, p. 4085 - 4094 (2000)
Examples of the novel tribenzo[b,g,1]thiopheno[3,4-q]porphyrazine and tribenzo[b,g,1]thiopheno[2,3-q]porphyrazine ring systems have been obtained by cross cyclotetramerisation reactions of 3,6-dialkylphthalonitriles with 3,4-dicyanothiophenes and 2,3-dicyanothiophene respectively. Dibenzodithiopheno[2,3]porphyrazines and benzotrithiopheno[2,3]porphyrazines have also been recovered. Octaoctyl tribenzo[b,g,1]thiopheno[3,4- q]porphyrazine, in particular, shows a strongly split Q-band absorption in the far red region of the spectrum, one component of which is highly bathochromically shifted relative to the corresponding band in octaoctyl phthalocyanine. The compounds, most of which exhibit columnar liquid crystal behaviour, form even, transparent spin-coated films which exhibit a broad band absorption envelope, in some instances extending from 600 nm to beyond 800 nm. Reaction of 2,3-dicyanothiophene with a 2,5-dialkyl-3,4- dicyanothiophene, the latter in excess, gives a product mixture rich in macrocycles derived predominantly from involvement of the former. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Regulating exciton bonding energy and bulk heterojunction morphology in organic solar cells: Via methyl-functionalized non-fullerene acceptors
Gao, Wei,Liu, Tao,Luo, Zhenghui,Zhang, Lin,Ming, Ruijie,Zhong, Cheng,Ma, Wei,Yan, He,Yang, Chuluo
, p. 6809 - 6817 (2019/03/26)
Electron-deficient end groups (EGs) are very important for non-fullerene small molecule acceptors (NF-SMAs) to tune their absorption, energy levels, and crystallization properties. Herein, we designed and synthesized three SMAs, namely, BTTIC-0M, BTTIC-2M, and BTTIC-4M by adding the methyl unit into 2-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[c]thiophen-4-ylidene)malononitrile (CPTCN). Methyl group, with its slight electron-donating ability, significantly elevates the LUMO energy levels but does not seriously affect the bandgaps of the CPTCN-based SMAs, which helps to reduce the energy loss (Eloss). In-depth dynamic theoretical simulations of the donor-acceptor (D-A) complex reveal that the exciton bonding energy (BE) can be fine-tuned by continuously increasing the methyl groups on the end groups of the SMAs. Methyl-substituted EG reduces the driving force and also enhances the BE of the charge transport (CT) state exciton, leading to a decrease in the exciton dissociation efficiencies. However, we found that one methyl-functionalized CPTCN enables PBDB-T:BTTIC-2M-based organic solar cells (OSCs) to achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 13.15%. Though PBDB-T:BTTIC-2M-based OSCs exhibit a slightly lower exciton dissociation efficiency than those of PBDB-T:BTTIC-0M, a more favorable superficial and internal morphology is attained in the PBDB-T:BTTIC-2M bulk-heterojunction layer, which balances the electron and hole mobilities and diminishes the bimolecular recombination. Comparatively, BTTIC-4M failed to realize a high performance owing to its adverse interactions with the polymer chain and the multiscale phase separation in the blend films. Actually, adjusting the number of methyl groups on the end group is done to compensate the current-voltage losses within the OSC devices with complicated contributions from absorption spectra, LUMO energy levels, exciton bonding energies, and morphologies.
Tetraanionic N2O2-coordinating ligands as potential building blocks for supramolecular magnetic networks
Milek, Magdalena,Witt, Alexander,Streb, Carsten,Heinemann, Frank W.,Khusniyarov, Marat M.
, p. 5237 - 5241 (2013/05/21)
A bisoxamate ligand containing three different types of coordination sites was designed and synthesized. The developed synthetic strategy was adopted to prepare a related 1,2-bis(2-hydroxybenzamido)benzene-derived ligand. Nickel(ii) complexes of both the
