41360-55-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Hydration of Aliphatic Nitriles Catalyzed by an Osmium Polyhydride: Evidence for an Alternative Mechanism
Babón, Juan C.,Esteruelas, Miguel A.,López, Ana M.,O?ate, Enrique
, p. 7284 - 7296 (2021/05/29)
The hexahydride OsH6(PiPr3)2 competently catalyzes the hydration of aliphatic nitriles to amides. The main metal species under the catalytic conditions are the trihydride osmium(IV) amidate derivatives OsH3{κ2-N,O-[HNC(O)R]}(PiPr3)2, which have been isolated and fully characterized for R = iPr and tBu. The rate of hydration is proportional to the concentrations of the catalyst precursor, nitrile, and water. When these experimental findings and density functional theory calculations are combined, the mechanism of catalysis has been established. Complexes OsH3{κ2-N,O-[HNC(O)R]}(PiPr3)2 dissociate the carbonyl group of the chelate to afford κ1-N-amidate derivatives, which coordinate the nitrile. The subsequent attack of an external water molecule to both the C(sp) atom of the nitrile and the N atom of the amidate affords the amide and regenerates the κ1-N-amidate catalysts. The attack is concerted and takes place through a cyclic six-membered transition state, which involves Cnitrile···O-H···Namidate interactions. Before the attack, the free carbonyl group of the κ1-N-amidate ligand fixes the water molecule in the vicinity of the C(sp) atom of the nitrile.
NOVEL CANNABINOID RECEPTOR 2 (CB2) INVERSE AGONISTS AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL FOR MULTIPLE MYELOMA AND OSTEOPOROSIS BONE DISEASES
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Paragraph 0147; 0150; 0151, (2013/07/19)
Cannabionid receptor-2 inverse antagonists include compounds represented by Formula IV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein: R1 and R2 are independently H, alkyl, or alkenyl; R3 is alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl; R4 and R5 are independently a bond, alkylenyl, or alkenylenyl; each R6 and R7 is independently selected from the group consisting of OH, F, Cl, Br, I, (C1-C6)alkyl, alkoxy, amino, COOH, CONH2, SO3H, PO3H2, CN, SH, NO2 and CF3; and p and q are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. Such compounds may be used to treat osteoporosis or multiple myeloma.
Hypervalent iodine catalyzed hofmann rearrangement of carboxamides using oxone as terminal oxidant
Yoshimura, Akira,Middleton, Kyle R.,Luedtke, Matthew W.,Zhu, Chenjie,Zhdankin, Viktor V.
, p. 11399 - 11404 (2013/02/23)
Hofmann rearrangement of carboxamides to carbamates using Oxone as an oxidant can be efficiently catalyzed by iodobenzene. This reaction involves hypervalent iodine species generated in situ from catalytic amount of PhI and Oxone in the presence of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in aqueous methanol solutions. Under these conditions, Hofmann rearrangement of various carboxamides affords corresponding carbamates in high yields.
Lead discovery, chemistry optimization, and biological evaluation studies of novel biamide derivatives as CB2 receptor inverse agonists and osteoclast inhibitors
Yang, Peng,Myint, Kyaw-Zeyar,Tong, Qin,Feng, Rentian,Cao, Haiping,Almehizia, Abdulrahman A.,Alqarni, Mohammed Hamed,Wang, Lirong,Bartlow, Patrick,Gao, Yingdai,Gertsch, Jürg,Teramachi, Jumpei,Kurihara, Noriyoshi,Roodman, Garson David,Cheng, Tao,Xie, Xiang-Qun
, p. 9973 - 9987 (2013/01/16)
N,N′-((4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)methylene)bis(2-phenylacetamide) was discovered by using 3D pharmacophore database searches and was biologically confirmed as a new class of CB2 inverse agonists. Subsequently, 52 derivatives were designed and synthesized through lead chemistry optimization by modifying the rings A-C and the core structure in further SAR studies. Five compounds were developed and also confirmed as CB2 inverse agonists with the highest CB2 binding affinity (CB2Ki of 22-85 nM, EC50 of 4-28 nM) and best selectivity (CB 1/CB2 of 235- to 909-fold). Furthermore, osteoclastogenesis bioassay indicated that PAM compounds showed great inhibition of osteoclast formation. Especially, compound 26 showed 72% inhibition activity even at the low concentration of 0.1 μM. The cytotoxicity assay suggested that the inhibition of PAM compounds on osteoclastogenesis did not result from its cytotoxicity. Therefore, these PAM derivatives could be used as potential leads for the development of a new type of antiosteoporosis agent.
