4404-98-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
General synthetic approach towards annelated 3a,6-epoxyisoindoles by tandem acylation/IMDAF reaction of furylazaheterocycles. Scope and limitations
Zubkov, Fedor I.,Nikitina, Eugenia V.,Galeev, Timur R.,Zaytsev, Vladimir P.,Khrustalev, Victor N.,Novikov, Roman A.,Orlova, Daria N.,Varlamov, Alexey V.
, p. 1659 - 1690 (2014/02/14)
An efficient and versatile one-pot synthesis of 3,6a-epoxyisoindoles annelated with oxazine, oxazole, thiazine, thiazole, pyrimidine fragments and with their benzoannelated analogues is presented. The method is based on tandem N-acylation/intramolecular cycloaddition (the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of furan, IMDAF) reaction between α,β-unsaturated acid anhydrides and α-furyl substituted azaheterocycles. The latter can be easily prepared by condensation of diverse furfurals and 1,2- or 1,3-N,X-binucleophiles (aminoalcohols, aminothiols, diamines). The observed IMDAF reaction is stereoselective: exo-adducts are formed exclusively with large prevalence of one of the diastereoisomers. In most cases, the condensation/N-acylation/IMDAF reaction sequence may be carried out via a one-pot domino protocol. The scope and limitations of the proposed approach are thoroughly investigated. The obtained Diels-Alder adducts are attractive and useful substrates for further transformations. Fused isoindoles can be prepared from them in one-step by aromatization of the 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene ring. Other transformations, including halogenation, ring cleavage, and Wagner-Meerwein skeletal rearrangement, are also demonstrated. The spatial structures of the obtained compounds have been established by X-ray diffraction analyses.
Reaction of 2-isobutoxy-4,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane with dinitriles
Kuznetsov,Brusilovskii,Mazepa
, p. 1809 - 1811 (2007/10/03)
2-Isobutoxy-4,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane reacts with bis(2-cyanoethyl) ether and bis[2-(2-cyanoethoxy)ethyl] ether to afford the corresponding bis(5,6-dihydro-4,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-4H-oxazin-2-yl) derivatives which are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous alkali, yielding 4-amino-4-methyl-2-pentanol.
Reduction of azides to amines mediated by tin bis(1,2-benzenedithiolate)
Bosch, Imma,Costa, Anna M.,Martin, Manuel,Urpi, Felix,Vilarrasa, Jaume
, p. 397 - 399 (2007/10/03)
(matrix presented) A procedure for the conversion of azides to amines, which uses NaBH4 and catalytic amounts of tin(IV) 1,2-benzenedithiolate, is disclosed. Primary, secondary, tertiary, aromatic, and heteroaromatic azides are reduced in excellent yields under very mild conditions.
Phosphoramidate analogs of 2'-deoxyuridine
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, (2008/06/13)
The present invention provides a series of cytotoxic phosphoramidate analogs of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine of the general formula (I): STR1 wherein R1 is H, F or (C1 -C4)alkyl; R2 is CH2 CH2 X wherein X is Cl, Br, I or p-toluenesulfonyl; R3 is (C1 -C4)alkyl or CH2 CH2 X wherein X is Cl, Br, I or p-toluenesulfonyl; or wherein R2 and R3, taken together with the N atom, can be a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring which is aliphatic or aliphatic interrupted by a ring oxygen or a second ring nitrogen; R4 is H, one equivalent of a pharmaceutically-acceptable cation or (4,4,6-trimethyltetrahydro-1,3-oxazin-2-yl)ethyl, and the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof.
Reduction of azides to amines with borohydride exchange resin - Nickel acetate
Yoon,Choi,Shon
, p. 3047 - 3053 (2007/10/02)
Borohydride exchange resin (BER) - nickel acetate system in methanol readily reduces both aliphatic and aromatic azides to the corresponding amines in excellent yields.
Synthesis, Activation, and Cytotoxicity of Aldophosphamide Analogues
Borch, Richard F.,Valente, Ronald R.
, p. 3052 - 3058 (2007/10/02)
A series of perhydrooxazine analogues of aldophosphamide has been prepared, and their 31P NMR kinetics and in vitro cytotoxicity have been evaluated.These compounds were developed on the basis of the idea that ring opening and tautomerization to an enamine intermediate might provide a mechanistic alternative to the β-elimination reaction for release of phosphoramide mustard.The 4,4,6-trimethyltetrahydro-1,3-oxazine moiety was selected on the basis of its rapid rate of iminium ion generation and relatively slow rate of hydrolysis.These analogues underwent phosphorodiamidate release by three distinct mechanisms: hydrolysis to aldophosphamide and subsequent β-elimination; cyclization to produce the 4-hydroxycyclophosphamides, which release phosphorodiamidate by ring opening and elimination; and tautomerization to the enamine with rapid expulsion of phosphorodiamidate.Kinetic studies demonstrated that hydrolysis to the aldehyde contributed minimally to the overall activation process and that the enamine pathway represented the major route of activation.For those analogues that could undergo cyclization this pathway competed effectively with enamine release, and these analogues were essentially equivalent to their 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide counterparts in cytotoxicity.A series of tetra-N-substituted phosphorodiamidates that cannot undergo cyclization was prepared to explore the effects of cyclization on the cytotoxicity of these analogues.The tetrakis(chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidates were highly potent in vitro against both cyclophosphamide-sensitive and -resistant L1210 and P388 cell lines, and one of these analogues had significant antitumor activity against L1210 leukemia in vivo.These results demonstrate that the enamine mechanism provides a viable pathway for delivery of phosphorodiamidates and that this approach can be used to deliver phosphorodiamidates that are non-cross-resistant in cyclophosphamide-resistant cell lines.
Aldophosphamide derivatives useful as antitumor agents
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, (2008/06/13)
A compound of the formula STR1 wherein R1 and R2 may be the same of different and are each independently hydrogen or lower alkyl which may be unsubstituted or monosubstituted with halogen, lower alkoxy or hydroxy with the proviso that the substituent is not the α-carbon or R1 and R2 taken together with the carbon to which they are attached form a morpholino ring; each R3 is independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, carboxy or carbalkoxy; n is an integer from 0, 1, 2 or 3 and R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl aryl or a nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen containing heterocyclic or a heterocyclic lower alkyl and pharmacuetically acceptable salts thereof.
