448950-89-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Identification of Alprazolam and its degradation products using LC-MS-MS
Gonsalves, Alexandra Rocha,Pineiro, Marta,Martins, Jose Manuel,Barata, Pedro A.,Menezesc, Jose C.
experimental part, p. 128 - 141 (2010/08/07)
An efficient LC/MS/MS methodology for the analysis of Alprazolam API and Alprazolam tablets was developed. The analysis of the MS2 fragmentation profile, obtained from only one chromatographic assay, allows the identification of Alprazolam, its main degradation product, triazoaminoquinoleine (Imp G), the analysis of the MS3 spectra allows the identification of 5-chloro-[5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]benzophenone (Imp C) and with SIM mode the 5-chloro-[2-(3-aminomethyl-5-methyl-1,2,4-triazol- 4-yl]benzophenone, opened-ring Alprazolam, proposed as precursor of triazoaminoquinoleine in basic and acid hydrolysis and only detected before by NMR analysis, was identified. With this method it is possible to study samples with only one chromatographic run, identifying unequivocally the impurities present, taking advantage of the MS-MS resource.
Kinetic and mechanistic studies on the hydrolysis and photodegradation of diazepam and alprazolam
Cabrera, C. Gallardo,Goldberg De Waisbaum,Nudelman, N. Sbarbati
, p. 156 - 161 (2007/10/03)
The corresponding o-aminobenzophenones are usually reported as the main degradation products in the hydrolysis of 1,4-benzodiazepinones. Nevertheless, in previous studies of diazepam (DZ) in acidic aqueous medium we isolated and characterized seven unexpected degradation products. Kinetic measurements under several reaction conditions shed some light on the mechanisms of the complex reactions that are taking place, and photochemical studies give hints on the mechanisms of chlorination and annelation processes. Alprazolam (AL) seems to exhibit an unusually high stability against hydrolysis under several conditions; nevertheless, the structure is sensitive to photolytic cleavage. The photodegradation of AL was studied in aqueous and methanolic solutions. Characterization of the isolated products by 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectrometry revealed that electron transfer, oxidation and rearrangement reactions take place. The influence of several variables such as pH, solvent composition and light irradiation were examined and mechanisms for the formation of three photoproducts are proposed. A specific method for the determination of AL in the presence of photoproducts was developed, which allowed kinetic determinations of the photostability of AL. The photosensitivity observed in some patients treated with AL seems to be due to one of the characterized photoproducts. Copyright
