4632-45-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of Polysubstituted Germoles and Benzogermoles Using a Substoichiometric Amount of Diisobutylaluminum Hydride
Kojima, Ko,Uchida, Seiya,Kinoshita, Hidenori,Miura, Katsukiyo
, p. 4598 - 4602 (2021)
We developed a synthetic route to unsymmetrically polysubstituted germoles bearing different substituents from 1-hydrogermyl-4-silyl-1,3-enynes. The reaction proceeded with 0.5 equiv of diisobutylaluminum hydride. Various 2-silylgermoles including benzogermoles were obtained in good to excellent yields. 2-Germylbenzogermoles could be also successfully synthesized from 1-hydrogermyl-4-germyl-1,3-enynes under the same reaction conditions.
The β-effect with vinyl cations: Kinetic study of the protiodemetalation of silyl-, germyl-, and stannylalkynes
Dallaire, Carol,Brook, Michael A.
, p. 2332 - 2338 (2008/10/08)
The relative magnitude of the hyperconjugative stabilization of vinyl cations by adjacent C-M bonds (M = Si, Ge, Sn; the β-effect) has been examined by measuring the rate constants for the protonation and subsequent protiodemetalation of group 14 metalated (trimethylsilyl)-acetylenes (R3MC≡CSiMe3). The relative β-effect arising from the second-order rate constants Sn ? Ge > Si (maximum kM/kSi = 108, 5 × 102, 1, respectively) follows the same order as that reported for simple carbenium ions. The product ratio from the protonation of Ph3GeC≡CSiMe3 was found to be particularly sensitive to acid concentration and strength, leading to loss of Ph3Ge preferentially with weaker acids. With tin groups, the rate of destannylation decreased with increasing steric bulk, unlike the corresponding situation with silyl groups. The origins of both these observations may be attributed to nucleophilic interaction at the metal center during protonation.
