497103-78-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
ARYL, HETEROARY, AND HETEROCYCLIC PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS FOR TREATMENT OF MEDICAL DISORDERS
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, (2018/09/21)
Complement Factor D inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions, and uses thereof, as well as processes for their manufacture are provided. The compounds provided include Formula I, Formula II, Formula III, Formula IV, and Formula V, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, isotopic analog, N-oxide, or isolated isomer thereof, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable composition. The inhibitors described herein target Factor D and inhibit or regulate the complement cascade.
Discovery of Potent and Orally Bioavailable Dihydropyrazole GPR40 Agonists
Shi, Jun,Gu, Zhengxiang,Jurica, Elizabeth Anne,Wu, Ximao,Haque, Lauren E.,Williams, Kristin N.,Hernandez, Andres S.,Hong, Zhenqiu,Gao, Qi,Dabros, Marta,Davulcu, Akin H.,Mathur, Arvind,Rampulla, Richard A.,Gupta, Arun Kumar,Jayaram, Ramya,Apedo, Atsu,Moore, Douglas B.,Liu, Heng,Kunselman, Lori K.,Brady, Edward J.,Wilkes, Jason J.,Zinker, Bradley A.,Cai, Hong,Shu, Yue-Zhong,Sun, Qin,Dierks, Elizabeth A.,Foster, Kimberly A.,Xu, Carrie,Wang, Tao,Panemangalore, Reshma,Cvijic, Mary Ellen,Xie, Chunshan,Cao, Gary G.,Zhou, Min,Krupinski, John,Whaley, Jean M.,Robl, Jeffrey A.,Ewing, William R.,Ellsworth, Bruce Alan
, p. 681 - 694 (2018/02/16)
G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) has become an attractive target for the treatment of diabetes since it was shown clinically to promote glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Herein, we report our efforts to develop highly selective and potent GPR40 agonists with a dual mechanism of action, promoting both glucose-dependent insulin and incretin secretion. Employing strategies to increase polarity and the ratio of sp3/sp2 character of the chemotype, we identified BMS-986118 (compound 4), which showed potent and selective GPR40 agonist activity in vitro. In vivo, compound 4 demonstrated insulinotropic efficacy and GLP-1 secretory effects resulting in improved glucose control in acute animal models.
Discovery of Pyrrolidine-Containing GPR40 Agonists: Stereochemistry Effects a Change in Binding Mode
Jurica, Elizabeth A.,Wu, Ximao,Williams, Kristin N.,Hernandez, Andres S.,Nirschl, David S.,Rampulla, Richard A.,Mathur, Arvind,Zhou, Min,Cao, Gary,Xie, Chunshan,Jacob, Biji,Cai, Hong,Wang, Tao,Murphy, Brian J.,Liu, Heng,Xu, Carrie,Kunselman, Lori K.,Hicks, Michael B.,Sun, Qin,Schnur, Dora M.,Sitkoff, Doree F.,Dierks, Elizabeth A.,Apedo, Atsu,Moore, Douglas B.,Foster, Kimberly A.,Cvijic, Mary Ellen,Panemangalore, Reshma,Flynn, Neil A.,Maxwell, Brad D.,Hong, Yang,Tian, Yuan,Wilkes, Jason J.,Zinker, Bradley A.,Whaley, Jean M.,Barrish, Joel C.,Robl, Jeffrey A.,Ewing, William R.,Ellsworth, Bruce A.
, p. 1417 - 1431 (2017/03/08)
A novel series of pyrrolidine-containing GPR40 agonists is described as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes. The initial pyrrolidine hit was modified by moving the position of the carboxylic acid, a key pharmacophore for GPR40. Addition of a 4-cis-CF3 to the pyrrolidine improves the human GPR40 binding Ki and agonist efficacy. After further optimization, the discovery of a minor enantiomeric impurity with agonist activity led to the finding that enantiomers (R,R)-68 and (S,S)-68 have differential effects on the radioligand used for the binding assay, with (R,R)-68 potentiating the radioligand and (S,S)-68 displacing the radioligand. Compound (R,R)-68 activates both Gq-coupled intracellular Ca2+ flux and Gs-coupled cAMP accumulation. This signaling bias results in a dual mechanism of action for compound (R,R)-68, demonstrating glucose-dependent insulin and GLP-1 secretion in vitro. In vivo, compound (R,R)-68 significantly lowers plasma glucose levels in mice during an oral glucose challenge, encouraging further development of the series.
γ-(S)-Trifluoromethyl proline: Evaluation as a structural substitute of proline for solid state 19F-NMR peptide studies
Kubyshkin, Vladimir,Afonin, Sergii,Kara, Sezgin,Budisa, Nediljko,Mykhailiuk, Pavel K.,Ulrich, Anne S.
, p. 3171 - 3181 (2015/03/18)
γ-(4S)-Trifluoromethyl proline was synthesised according to a modified literature protocol with improved yield on a multigram scale. Conformational properties of the amide bond formed by the amino acid were characterised using N-acetyl methyl ester model. The amide populations (s-trans vs. s-cis) and thermodynamic parameters of the isomerization were found to be similar to the corresponding values for intact proline. Therefore, the γ-trifluoromethyl proline was suggested as a structurally low-disturbing proline substitution in peptides for their structural studies by 19F-NMR. Indeed, the exchange of native proline for γ-trifluoromethyl proline in the peptide antibiotic gramicidin S was shown to preserve the overall amphipathic peptide structure. The utility of the amino acid as a selective 19F-NMR label was demonstrated by observing the re-alignment of the labelled gramicidin S in oriented lipid bilayers. This journal is
PYRROLIDINE GPR40 MODULATORS
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Paragraph 00181, (2014/06/11)
The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): or a stereoisomer, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein all of the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are GPR40 G protein-coupled receptor modulators which may be used as medicaments.
Synthesis of Boc-protected cis- and trans-4-trifluoromethyl-D-prolines
Qiu, Xiao-Long,Qing, Feng-Ling
, p. 2052 - 2057 (2007/10/03)
Both Boc-protected trans- and cis-4-trifluoromethyl prolines were synthesized starting from L-serine simultaneously. In our synthetic route, the key intermediate 4 was obtained through the reaction of Garner's aldehyde 1 with ylide 2 followed by trifluoro
Stereoselective synthesis of Boc-protected cis and trans-4-trifluoromethylprolines by asymmetric hydrogenation reactions
Del Valle, Juan R.,Goodman, Murray
, p. 1600 - 1602 (2007/10/03)
Stereocontrolled synthesis of cis and trans-substituted prolines by a divergent approach, leads to the preparation of cis-(4S)- and trans-(4R)-trifluoromethyl-Lproline from hydroxyproline. The key pyrroline intermediates were subjected to hydrogenation (s
Practical synthesis of Boc-protected cis-4-trifluoromethyl and cis-4-difluoromethyl-L- prolines
Qiu, Xiao-long,Qing, Feng-ling
, p. 7162 - 7164 (2007/10/03)
A short, efficient, and diastereomerically pure synthesis of N-Boc-cis-4-trifluoromethyl-L-proline (7) and N-Boc-cis-4-difluoromethyl-L-proline (9) from N-Boc-4-oxo- L-proline (4) is described. The reaction of 4 with Me3SiCF3 and the conversion of the carbonyl group of 4 into the difluoromethylene group are the key steps for the synthesis of 7 and 9, respectively.
