500225-60-5Relevant articles and documents
Efficient syntheses of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine (cladribine) from 2′-deoxyguanosine
Janeba, Zlatko,Francom, Paula,Robins, Morris J.
, p. 989 - 992 (2007/10/03)
We report efficient syntheses of the clinical agent cladribine (2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine, CldAdo), which is the drug of choice against hairy-cell leukemia and other neoplasms, from 2′-deoxyguanosine. Treatment of 3′,5′-di-O-acetyl- or benzoyl-2′-deoxyguanosine (1) with 2,4,6-triisopropyl- or 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride gave high yields of the 6-O-arylsulfonyl derivatives 2 or 2′b. Deoxychlorination at C6 of 1 also proceeded to give the 2-amino-6-chloropurine derivative 5 in excellent yields. The nonaqueous diazotization/chloro dediazoniation (acetyl chloride/benzyltriethylammonium nitrite) of 2, 2′b, and 5 gave the 2-chloropurine derivatives 3, 3′b, and 6, respectively. The selective ammonolysis at C6 (arylsulfonate with 3 or chloride with 6) and accompanying deprotection of the sugar moiety gave CldAdo (64-75% overall yield from 1).