51676-67-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Aminolysis of 2,4-Dinitrophenyl and 2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl O-Ethyl Dithiocarbonates
Castro, Enrique A.,Ibanez, Fernando,Salas, Mirtha,Santos, Jose G.,Sepulveda, Patricia
, p. 459 - 463 (1993)
The reactions of a series of secondary alicyclic amines with the title substrates (DNPDTC and TNPDTC) are subject to a kinetic study in water at 25.0 deg C, ionic strength 0.2 M (KCl).The reactions are first order in both the amine and the substrate.The Broensted-type plots obtained are nonlinear and are explained by a stepwise mechanism through a zwitterionic tetrahedral intermediate (T+/-), although a concerted process is not rigorously excluded for the reactions of the less basic amines with TNPDTC.An equation is reported which describes the dependence of the basicities of the amine and leaving group on the nucleofugality ratio of these groups from T+/- (k-1/k2).This equation satisfactorily predicts the pKa values at the Broensted breaks (pKa0).The experimental pKa0. values found in the present reactions correlate well with those in the aminolysis of p-nitro- and unsubstituted phenyl O-ethyl dithiocarbonates.The values of both k-1 and k2 are larger in the reactions of phenyl O-ethyl dithiocarbonate than in the aminolysis of phenyl dithioacetate due to the additional push exerted by EtO in T+/-.The T+/- formed in the aminolysis of DNPDTC is less unstable than that in the aminolysis of S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)O-ethyl thiocarbonate (whose mechanism is concerted), and this is attributed to a smaller ability of S- in T+/- to form a double bond and expel a nucleofuge.
Mechanism of the alkaline hydrolysis of O-ethyl S-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) thio-and dithiocarbonates
Castro, Enrique A.,Cubillos, Maria,Santos, Jose G.,Bujan, Elba I.,Remedi, M. Virginia,Fernandez, Mariana A.,De Rossi, Rita H.
, p. 2603 - 2607 (2007/10/03)
The alkaline hydrolysis of O-ethyl S-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) thio-and dithiocarbonates, 1 and 2, respectively, were studied kinetically in 5% dioxane in water, at 25.0°C, and ionic strength 0.2 mol dm-3 (KCl). Two kinetic processes, well separated in time, were detected. The fast process involves the formation of a σ-complex by addition of HO- to one of the unsubstituted positions of the aromatic ring, followed by fast ionisation of this complex. The slow process leads to the formation of a mixture of 2,4,6-trinitrophenoxide and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenethiolate ions in a 10:1 ratio, respectively, in the reaction of 2, and to a mixture in a 2:1 ratio in the reaction of 1, independent of KOH concentration. Although the substrates show different kinetic behaviour with KOH concentration, the results can be discussed on the basis of a common reaction mechanism.
