52111-74-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Ni-Catalyzed Iterative Alkyl Transfer from Nitrogen Enabled by the in Situ Methylation of Tertiary Amines
Nwachukwu, Chideraa Iheanyi,McFadden, Timothy Patrick,Roberts, Andrew George
supporting information, p. 9979 - 9992 (2020/09/03)
Current methods to achieve transition-metal-catalyzed alkyl carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bond cleavage require the preformation of ammonium, pyridinium, or sulfonamide derivatives from the corresponding alkyl amines. These activated substrates permit C-N bond cleavage, and their resultant intermediates can be intercepted to affect carbon-carbon bond-forming transforms. Here, we report the combination of in situ amine methylation and Ni-catalyzed benzalkyl C-N bond cleavage under reductive conditions. This method permits iterative alkyl group transfer from tertiary amines and demonstrates a deaminative strategy for the construction of Csp3-Csp3 bonds. We demonstrate PO(OMe)3 (trimethylphosphate) to be a Ni-compatible methylation reagent for the in situ conversion of trialkyl amines into tetraalkylammonium salts. Single, double, and triple benzalkyl group transfers can all be achieved from the appropriately substituted tertiary amines. Transformations developed herein proceed via recurring events: The in situ methylation of tertiary amines by PO(OMe)3, Ni-catalyzed C-N bond cleavage, and concurrent Csp3-Csp3 bond formation.
Kinetic evidence for a novel, Grob-like substitution/fragmentation mechanism for the reaction of nucleophiles with trialkylammoniomethyl halides
Fletcher, Michelle O.,Zhang, Li,Vu, Quyen,Dolbier Jr., William R.
, p. 1187 - 1192 (2007/10/03)
Kinetic evidence is presented in favor of a concerted, bimolecular mechanism for the unusual nucleophilic substitution/fragmentation reactions of iodide ion with (halomethyl)trimethylammonium salts. The relative reactivities of allyl, ethyl and methyl groups for this Grob-like reaction are also determined. Activation parameters are presented for the thermal reactions of 1-iodo-N,N,N-trimethylmethaniminium iodide (log A = 8.7. Ea = 19.0 kcal mol-1) and 1-iodo-N-allyl-N,N-dimethylmethaniminium iodide (log A = 14.6, Ea = 25.7 kcal mol-1) in acetonitrile, the latter reaction having an observed second order rate constant 39 times larger than the former at 70 °C. The results are compared with the classic data of Hughes, Ingold and Conant for SN2 reactions of alkyl halides.
