521275-60-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Reactivity of the bis(dihydrogen) complex [RuH2(η2-H2)2 (PCy3)2] toward N-heteroaromatic compounds. Regioselective hydrogenation of acridine to 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroacridine
Borowski, Andrzej F.,Sabo-Etienne, Sylviane,Donnadieu, Bruno,Chaudret, Bruno
, p. 1630 - 1637 (2003)
The reaction of pyridine (Py), pyrrole (Pyr), or acridine with the bis(dihydrogen) complex [RuH2(η2-H2)2 (PCy3)2] (1) produces compounds containing heteroaromatic ([RuH2(η2-H2)(η1-(N)- C5H5N)(PCy3)2] (2), [RuH(η5-C4H4N) (PCy3)2]·Pyr (3)) or aromatic rings ([RuH2(η4-C13H9N) (PCy3)2] (5)) coordinated in η1(N) (2), η5(N,C) (3), or η4(C,C) (5) modes for Py, Pyr, and acridine, respectively. Complex 3 has been characterized by X-ray crystallography. Its protonation by HBF4 affords the cationic dihydride complex [RuH2(η5-C4H4N) (PCy3)2] [BF4] (4). The coordinated Py ligand in 2 and acridine in 5 can readily be displaced by dihydrogen, with regeneration of 1. Regioselective hydrogenation of representative polynuclear heteroaromatic nitrogen compounds is achieved in the presence of 1 under mild reaction conditions (80°C, 3 bar of H2). Quinoline (Q) and isoquinoline (iQ) are hydrogenated to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro derivatives, while acridine is quickly reduced to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine followed by much slower saturation to 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroacridine (8H-Acr), the nitrogen-containing aromatic ring remaining intact. 8H-Acr has been isolated in analytically pure form and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR as well as by X-ray crystallography. 5 is also active for catalytic acridine hydrogenation and can be regarded as an intermediate in the catalytic cycle. Saturation of a five-membered indole ring proceeds much slower than hydrogenation of six-membered aromatic rings in Q and iQ. Pyridine, pyrrole, and 7,8-benzoquinoline are not hydrogenated under the applied reaction conditions, as a result of the formation of new stable complexes.
