5299-68-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
A Convenient Protocol for the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Amides
Johansson, Silje J. R.,Johannessen, Tonje,Ellefsen, Christiane F.,Ristun, Mali S.,Antonsen, Simen,Hansen, Trond V.,Stenstrom, Yngve,Nolsoe, Jens M. J.
supporting information, p. 213 - 217 (2019/01/14)
Several classes of biologically occurring fatty acid amides have been reported from mammalian and plant sources. Many amides conjugated with fatty acids of mammalian origin exhibit specific activation of individual receptors. Their potential as pharmacological tools or as lead compounds towards the development of novel therapeutics is of great interest. Hence, access to such amides by a practical, high-yielding and scalable protocol without affecting the geometry or position of sensitive functionalities is needed. A protocol that meets all these requirements involves activation of the corresponding acid with carbonyl diimidazole (CDI) followed by reaction with the desired amine or its hydrochloride. More than fifty compounds have been prepared in generally high yields.
2-oxothiazole compounds and method of using same for chronic inflammatory disorders
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Page/Page column 15; 16; 23; 24, (2017/04/11)
The invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein X is O or S; R1 is H, OH, SH, nitro, NH2, NHC1-6alkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, halo, haloC1-6alkyl, CN, C1-6-alkyl, OC1-6alkyl, C1-6alkylCOOH, C1-6alkylCOOC1-6alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C3-10cycloalkyl, C6-10aryl, C1-6alkylC6-10aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, CONH2, CONHC1-6alkyl, CON(C1-6alkyl)2, OCOC1-6alkyl, or is an acidic group, such as a group comprising a carboxyl, phosphate, phosphinate, sulfate, sulfonate, or tetrazolyl group; R2 is as defined for R1 or R1 and R2 taken together can form a 6-membered aromatic ring optionally substituted by up to 4 groups R5; R3 is H, halo (preferably fluoro), or CHal3 (preferably CF3); each R5 is defined as for R1; V1 is a covalent bond, —O—, or a C1-20alkyl group, or C2-20-mono or multiply unsaturated alkenyl group; said alkyl or alkenyl groups being optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms selected from O, NH, N(C1-6 alkyl), S, SO, or SO2; M1 is absent or is a C5-10 cyclic group or a C5-15 aromatic group; and R4 is H, halo, OH, CN, nitro, NH2, NHC1-6alkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, haloC1-6alkyl, a C1-20alkyl group, or C2-20-mono or multiply unsaturated alkenyl group, said C1-20alkyl or C2-20alkenyl groups being optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms selected from O, NH, N(C1-6 alkyl), S, SO, or SO2; with the proviso that the group V1M1R4 as a whole provides at least 4 backbone atoms from the C(R3) group; or a salt, ester, solvate, N-oxide, or prodrug thereof; for use in the treatment of a chronic inflammatory condition.
Antiproliferative activity of synthetic fatty acid amides from renewable resources
Dos Santos, Daiane S.,Piovesan, Luciana A.,D'Oca, Caroline R. Montes,Hack, Carolina R. Lopes,Treptow, Tamara G.M.,Rodrigues, Marieli O.,Vendramini-Costa, Débora B.,Ruiz, Ana Lucia T.G.,De Carvalho, Jo?o Ernesto,D'Oca, Marcelo G. Montes
supporting information, p. 340 - 347 (2015/02/02)
In the work, the in vitro antiproliferative activity of a series of synthetic fatty acid amides were investigated in seven cancer cell lines. The study revealed that most of the compounds showed antiproliferative activity against tested tumor cell lines, mainly on human glioma cells (U251) and human ovarian cancer cells with a multiple drug-resistant phenotype (NCI-ADR/RES). In addition, the fatty methyl benzylamide derived from ricinoleic acid (with the fatty acid obtained from castor oil, a renewable resource) showed a high selectivity with potent growth inhibition and cell death for the glioma cell line - the most aggressive CNS cancer.
N-morpholino- and N-diethyl-analogues of palmitoylethanolamide increase the sensitivity of transfected human vanilloid receptors to activation by anandamide without affecting fatty acid amidohydrolase activity
Vandevoorde, Severine,Lambert, Didier M.,Smart, Darren,Jonsson, Kent-Olov,Fowler, Christopher J.
, p. 817 - 825 (2007/10/03)
The abilities of 19 analogues of palmitoylethanolamide and two analogues of oleoylethanolamide to affect the Ca2+ influx into human embryonic kidney cells expressing the human vanilloid receptor (hVR1-HEK293 cells) in response to anandamide (AEA) have been investigated using a FLIPR assay and a bovine serum albumin-containing assay medium. Only palmitoylethanolamide produced any effect in the absence of AEA. The ability of palmitoylethanolamide to potentiate the response to AEA was retained when the N-CH2CH2OH group was replaced by N-CH2CH2Cl,whereas replacement with N-alkyl substituents [from -H up to -(CH2)12CH3] resulted either in a reduction or in a complete loss of this activity. The tertiary amide N-(CH2CH3)2 (19) and N-morpholino (20) analogues of palmitoylethanolamide potentiated the response to 1 μM AEA to a greater degree than the parent compound, whereas the N-(CH3)2 analogue was inactive. 19 and 20 produced leftward shifts in the dose-response curve for AEA activation of Ca2+ influx into hVR1-HEK293 cells. EC50 values for AEA to produce Ca2+ influx into hVR1-HEK293 cells were 1.1, 1.1, 0.54 and 0.36 μM in the presence of 0, 1, 3 and 10 μM 19, respectively. The corresponding values for 20 were 1.5, 1.3, 0.77 and 0.17 μM, respectively. The compounds did not affect the dose-response curves to capsaicin. The ability of oleoylethanolamide to potentiate AEA is retained by the N-CH2CH3 and N-CH(CH3)2 analogues (22 and 23, respectively). 22 and 23 produced a small (～25%) inhibition of the binding of [3H]-CP55,940 and [3H]-WIN 55,212-2 to CB1 and CB2 receptors, respectively, expressed in CHO cells. The compounds inhibited the metabolism of 2 μM [3H]-AEA by rat brain fatty acid amidohydrolase with IC50 values of 5.6 and 11 μM, respectively. In contrast, 19 and 20 were without effect on either binding to CB receptors or fatty acid amidohydrolase activity. Minor reductions in the accumulation of 10 μM [3H]-AEA into C6 glioma cells were seen at 10 μM concentrations of 19 and 20. It is concluded that 19 and 20 selectively enhance AEA effects upon VR1 receptors without potentially confounding effects upon CB receptors or fatty acid amidohydrolase activity.
Modifications of the ethanolamine head in N-palmitoylethanolamine: Synthesis and evaluation of new agents interfering with the metabolism of anandamide
Vandevoorde, Séverine,Jonsson, Kent-Olov,Fowler, Christopher J.,Lambert, Didier M.
, p. 1440 - 1448 (2007/10/03)
The endogenous fatty acid amide anandamide (AEA) has, as a result of its actions on cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors, a number of important pharmacological properties including effects on nociception, memory processes, spasticity, and cell proliferation. Inhibition of the metabolism of AEA, catalyzed by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), potentiates the actions of AEA in vivo and therefore may be a useful target for drug development. In the present study, we have investigated whether substitution of the headgroup of the endogenous alternative FAAH substrate palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) can result in the identification of novel compounds preventing AEA metabolism. Thirty-seven derivatives of PEA were synthesized, with the C16 long chain of palmitic acid kept intact, and comprising 20 alkylated, 12 aromatic, and 4 halogenated amides. The ability of the PEA derivatives to inhibit FAAH-catalyzed hydrolysis of [3H]AEA was investigated using rat brain homogenates as a source of FAAH. Inhibition curves were analyzed to determine the potency of the inhibitable fraction (PI50 values) and the maximal attained inhibition for the compound, given that solubility in an aqueous environment is a major issue for these compounds. In the alkylamide family, palmitoylethylamide and palmitoylallylamide were inhibitors of AEA metabolism with PI50 values of 5.45 and 5.47, respectively. Halogenated derivatives (Cl and Br) exhibit pI50 values of ～5.5 but rather low percentages of maximal inhibition. The -OH group of the ethyl head chain of N-palmitoylethanolamine was not necessary for interaction with FAAH. Amides containing aromatic moieties were less potent inhibitors of AEA metabolism. Compounds containing amide and ester bonds, 13 and 37, showed pI50 values of 4.99 and 5.08, respectively. None of the compounds showed obvious affinity for CB1 or CB2 receptors expressed on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. It is concluded that although none of the compounds were dramatically more potent than PEA itself at reducing the metabolism of AEA, the lack of effect of the compounds at CB1 and CB2 receptors makes them useful templates for development of possible therapeutic FAAH inhibitors.
Therapeutic use of mono and bicarboxylic acid amides active at the peripheral cannabinoid receptor
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, (2008/06/13)
The following description concerns a therapeutic method for the treatment of diseases connected with the modulation of the cannabinoid peripheral receptor, comprising administering amidic derivatives of mono and bicarboxylic acids with aminoalcohols or arninoethers selectively active on said receptor.
Transdermal compositions of 1-oxohydrocarbyl-substituted azacyclohexanes
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, (2008/06/13)
This invention provides compositions for enhancing penetration of physiologically active agents through the skin or mucosal membranes and for retaining these agents in body tissues, said composition comprising effective amounts of a physiologically-active agent and a compound represented by the general formula STR1 wherein X may represent sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen; a and b may be 0 or 1, c may be 0, 1 or 2, except that when X is oxygen, a, b and c are 0, when X is nitrogen c is 0 and only one of a or b is 1, and when X is sulfur a and b are 0; A is a branched or a straight chain, divalent aliphatic radical having from 0 to 2 double bonds; R' is selected from the group consisting of H, a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl, lower alkyl or halogen substituted phenyl, acetamido, halogen, piperidinyl, lower alkyl or halogen substituted piperidinyl, carbalkoxy, carboxamide, and alkanoyl; and R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, STR2 wherein R" is H or halogen, and salts, e.g. acid or quaternary derivatives, thereof. These compositions are useful in topical or transdermal applications of the physiologically-active agent.
